TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion

Michelle Kunimoto; Andrew Vanderburg; Chelsea X. Huang; M. Ryleigh Davis; Laura Affer; Andrew Collier Cameron; David Charbonneau; Rosario Cosentino; Mario Damasso; Xavier Dumusque; A. F. Martnez Fiorenzano; Adriano Ghedina; R. D. Haywood; Florian Lienhard; Mercedes López-Morales; Michel Mayor; Francesco Pepe; Matteo Pinamonti; Ennio Poretti; Jesús Maldonado; Ken Rice; Alessandro Sozzetti; Thomas G. Wilson; Stéphane Udry; Jay Baptista; Khalid Barkaoui; Juliette Becker; Paul Benni; Allyson Bieryla; Pau Bosch-Cabot; David R. Ciardi; Karen A. Collins; Kevin I. Collins; Elise Evans; Trent J. Dupuy; Maria V. Goliguzova; Pere Guerra; Adam Kraus; Jack J. Lissauer; Daniel Huber; Felipe Murgas; Enric Palle; Samuel N. Quinn; Boris S. Safonov; Richard P. Schwarz; Avi Shporer; Keivan G. Stassun; Jon M. Jenkins; David W. Latham; George R. Ricker; Sara Seager; Roland Vanderspek; Joshua Winn; Zahra Essack; Hannah M. Lewis; Mark E. Rose

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion

Michelle Kunimoto^*, Andrew Vanderburg, Chelsea X. Huang, M. Ryleigh Davis, Laura Affer, Andrew Collier Cameron, David Charbonneau, Rosario Cosentino, Mario Damasso, Xavier Dumusque, A. F. Martnez Fiorenzano, Adriano Ghedina, R. D. Haywood, Florian Lienhard, Mercedes López-Morales, Michel Mayor, Francesco Pepe, Matteo Pinamonti, Ennio Poretti, Jesús MaldonadoKen Rice, Alessandro Sozzetti, Thomas G. Wilson, Stéphane Udry, Jay Baptista, Khalid Barkaoui, Juliette Becker, Paul Benni, Allyson Bieryla, Pau Bosch-Cabot, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, Elise Evans, Trent J. Dupuy, Maria V. Goliguzova, Pere Guerra, Adam Kraus, Jack J. Lissauer, Daniel Huber, Felipe Murgas, Enric Palle, Samuel N. Quinn, Boris S. Safonov, Richard P. Schwarz, Avi Shporer, Keivan G. Stassun, Jon M. Jenkins, David W. Latham, George R. Ricker, Sara Seager, Roland Vanderspek, Joshua Winn, Zahra Essack, Hannah M. Lewis, Mark E. Rose

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

We report the confirmation of three exoplanets transiting TOI-4010 (TIC-352682207), a metal-rich K dwarf observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in Sectors 24, 25, 52, and 58. We confirm these planets with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern Hemisphere radial velocity observations and measure their masses with 8−12% precision. TOI-4010 b is a sub-Neptune (P = 1.3 days, Rp=3.02_−0.08^+0.08R⊕ , Mp=11.00_−1.27^+1.29M⊕ ) in the hot-Neptune desert, and is one of the few such planets with known companions. Meanwhile, TOI-4010 c (P = 5.4 days, Rp=5.93_−0.12^+0.11R⊕ , Mp=20.31_−2.11^+2.13M⊕ ) and TOI-4010 d (P = 14.7 days, Rp=6.18_−0.14^+0.15R⊕ , Mp=38.15_−3.22^+3.27M⊕ ) are similarly sized sub-Saturns on short-period orbits. Radial velocity observations also reveal a super-Jupiter-mass companion called TOI-4010 e in a long-period, eccentric orbit (P ∼ 762 days and e ∼ 0.26 based on available observations). TOI-4010 is one of the few systems with multiple short-period sub-Saturns to be discovered so far.

Original language	English
Number of pages	22
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	166
Issue number	1
Early online date	8 Jun 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acd537
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2023

Keywords

Transit photometry
Hot Neptunes
Exoplanets
Exoplanet systems
Exoplanet dynamics

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10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

Kunimoto_2023_AJ_TOI-4010_CC
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Final published version, 5.33 MBLicence: CC BY

Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021: Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021
Jardine, M. M. (PI), Bonnell, I. A. (CoI), Cameron, A. C. (CoI), Cyganowski, C. J. (CoI), Dominik, M. (CoI), Helling, C. (CoI), Horne, K. D. (CoI), Scholz, A. (CoI), Tojeiro, R. (CoI), Weijmans, A.-M. (CoI), Wild, V. (CoI), Woitke, P. (CoI), Wood, K. (CoI) & Zhao, H. (CoI)
1/04/18 → 31/03/22
Project: Standard
Support for the PLATO Development: Support for the PLATO Development Phase 2017-2022: Planet candidate ranking and validation
Cameron, A. C. (PI)
Science & Technology Facilities Council
1/08/17 → 31/12/22
Project: Standard

Cite this

Kunimoto, M., Vanderburg, A., Huang, C. X., Davis, M. R., Affer, L., Cameron, A. C., Charbonneau, D., Cosentino, R., Damasso, M., Dumusque, X., Fiorenzano, A. F. M., Ghedina, A., Haywood, R. D., Lienhard, F., López-Morales, M., Mayor, M., Pepe, F., Pinamonti, M., Poretti, E., ... Rose, M. E. (2023). TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion. Astronomical Journal, 166(1). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

@article{3d2af4247ce3438dbaf669217bcd43c2,

title = "TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion",

abstract = "We report the confirmation of three exoplanets transiting TOI-4010 (TIC-352682207), a metal-rich K dwarf observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in Sectors 24, 25, 52, and 58. We confirm these planets with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern Hemisphere radial velocity observations and measure their masses with 8−12% precision. TOI-4010 b is a sub-Neptune (P = 1.3 days, Rp=3.02−0.08+0.08R⊕ , Mp=11.00−1.27+1.29M⊕ ) in the hot-Neptune desert, and is one of the few such planets with known companions. Meanwhile, TOI-4010 c (P = 5.4 days, Rp=5.93−0.12+0.11R⊕ , Mp=20.31−2.11+2.13M⊕ ) and TOI-4010 d (P = 14.7 days, Rp=6.18−0.14+0.15R⊕ , Mp=38.15−3.22+3.27M⊕ ) are similarly sized sub-Saturns on short-period orbits. Radial velocity observations also reveal a super-Jupiter-mass companion called TOI-4010 e in a long-period, eccentric orbit (P ∼ 762 days and e ∼ 0.26 based on available observations). TOI-4010 is one of the few systems with multiple short-period sub-Saturns to be discovered so far.",

keywords = "Transit photometry, Hot Neptunes, Exoplanets, Exoplanet systems, Exoplanet dynamics",

author = "Michelle Kunimoto and Andrew Vanderburg and Huang, {Chelsea X.} and Davis, {M. Ryleigh} and Laura Affer and Cameron, {Andrew Collier} and David Charbonneau and Rosario Cosentino and Mario Damasso and Xavier Dumusque and Fiorenzano, {A. F. Martnez} and Adriano Ghedina and Haywood, {R. D.} and Florian Lienhard and Mercedes L{\'o}pez-Morales and Michel Mayor and Francesco Pepe and Matteo Pinamonti and Ennio Poretti and Jes{\'u}s Maldonado and Ken Rice and Alessandro Sozzetti and Wilson, {Thomas G.} and St{\'e}phane Udry and Jay Baptista and Khalid Barkaoui and Juliette Becker and Paul Benni and Allyson Bieryla and Pau Bosch-Cabot and Ciardi, {David R.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Collins, {Kevin I.} and Elise Evans and Dupuy, {Trent J.} and Goliguzova, {Maria V.} and Pere Guerra and Adam Kraus and Lissauer, {Jack J.} and Daniel Huber and Felipe Murgas and Enric Palle and Quinn, {Samuel N.} and Safonov, {Boris S.} and Schwarz, {Richard P.} and Avi Shporer and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Latham, {David W.} and Ricker, {George R.} and Sara Seager and Roland Vanderspek and Joshua Winn and Zahra Essack and Lewis, {Hannah M.} and Rose, {Mark E.}",

note = "Funding: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement SCORE No 851555). This work has been carried out within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under grants 51NF40_182901 and 51NF40_205606. R.D.H. is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)'s Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (grant No. ST/V004735/1). TGW acknowledges support from STFC consolidated grant Nos. ST/R000824/1 and ST/V000861/1, and UKSA grant No. ST/R003203/1. A.S. and M.Pi. acknowledge financial contribution from the agreement ASI-INAF n.2018-16-HH.0. M.Pi. acknowledge financial contribution from the PRIN-INAF 2019 {"}Planetary systems at young ages (PLATEA).{"} B.S.S. and M.V.G. acknowledge the support of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under the grant 075-15-2020-780 (N13.1902.21.0039). D.H. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC21K0652), and the National Science Foundation (AST-2009828). J.B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (AST-2009828).",

year = "2023",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/acd537",

language = "English",

volume = "166",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Kunimoto, M, Vanderburg, A, Huang, CX, Davis, MR, Affer, L, Cameron, AC, Charbonneau, D, Cosentino, R, Damasso, M, Dumusque, X, Fiorenzano, AFM, Ghedina, A, Haywood, RD, Lienhard, F, López-Morales, M, Mayor, M, Pepe, F, Pinamonti, M, Poretti, E, Maldonado, J, Rice, K, Sozzetti, A, Wilson, TG, Udry, S, Baptista, J, Barkaoui, K, Becker, J, Benni, P, Bieryla, A, Bosch-Cabot, P, Ciardi, DR, Collins, KA, Collins, KI, Evans, E, Dupuy, TJ, Goliguzova, MV, Guerra, P, Kraus, A, Lissauer, JJ, Huber, D, Murgas, F, Palle, E, Quinn, SN, Safonov, BS, Schwarz, RP, Shporer, A, Stassun, KG, Jenkins, JM, Latham, DW, Ricker, GR, Seager, S, Vanderspek, R, Winn, J, Essack, Z, Lewis, HM & Rose, ME 2023, 'TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion', Astronomical Journal, vol. 166, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

TY - JOUR

T1 - TOI-4010

T2 - a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion

AU - Kunimoto, Michelle

AU - Vanderburg, Andrew

AU - Huang, Chelsea X.

AU - Davis, M. Ryleigh

AU - Affer, Laura

AU - Cameron, Andrew Collier

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Cosentino, Rosario

AU - Damasso, Mario

AU - Dumusque, Xavier

AU - Fiorenzano, A. F. Martnez

AU - Ghedina, Adriano

AU - Haywood, R. D.

AU - Lienhard, Florian

AU - López-Morales, Mercedes

AU - Mayor, Michel

AU - Pepe, Francesco

AU - Pinamonti, Matteo

AU - Poretti, Ennio

AU - Maldonado, Jesús

AU - Rice, Ken

AU - Sozzetti, Alessandro

AU - Wilson, Thomas G.

AU - Udry, Stéphane

AU - Baptista, Jay

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Becker, Juliette

AU - Benni, Paul

AU - Bieryla, Allyson

AU - Bosch-Cabot, Pau

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Evans, Elise

AU - Dupuy, Trent J.

AU - Goliguzova, Maria V.

AU - Guerra, Pere

AU - Kraus, Adam

AU - Lissauer, Jack J.

AU - Huber, Daniel

AU - Murgas, Felipe

AU - Palle, Enric

AU - Quinn, Samuel N.

AU - Safonov, Boris S.

AU - Schwarz, Richard P.

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

AU - Winn, Joshua

AU - Essack, Zahra

AU - Lewis, Hannah M.

AU - Rose, Mark E.

N1 - Funding: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement SCORE No 851555). This work has been carried out within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under grants 51NF40_182901 and 51NF40_205606. R.D.H. is funded by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)'s Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (grant No. ST/V004735/1). TGW acknowledges support from STFC consolidated grant Nos. ST/R000824/1 and ST/V000861/1, and UKSA grant No. ST/R003203/1. A.S. and M.Pi. acknowledge financial contribution from the agreement ASI-INAF n.2018-16-HH.0. M.Pi. acknowledge financial contribution from the PRIN-INAF 2019 "Planetary systems at young ages (PLATEA)." B.S.S. and M.V.G. acknowledge the support of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under the grant 075-15-2020-780 (N13.1902.21.0039). D.H. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC21K0652), and the National Science Foundation (AST-2009828). J.B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (AST-2009828).

PY - 2023/7/1

Y1 - 2023/7/1

N2 - We report the confirmation of three exoplanets transiting TOI-4010 (TIC-352682207), a metal-rich K dwarf observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in Sectors 24, 25, 52, and 58. We confirm these planets with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern Hemisphere radial velocity observations and measure their masses with 8−12% precision. TOI-4010 b is a sub-Neptune (P = 1.3 days, Rp=3.02−0.08+0.08R⊕ , Mp=11.00−1.27+1.29M⊕ ) in the hot-Neptune desert, and is one of the few such planets with known companions. Meanwhile, TOI-4010 c (P = 5.4 days, Rp=5.93−0.12+0.11R⊕ , Mp=20.31−2.11+2.13M⊕ ) and TOI-4010 d (P = 14.7 days, Rp=6.18−0.14+0.15R⊕ , Mp=38.15−3.22+3.27M⊕ ) are similarly sized sub-Saturns on short-period orbits. Radial velocity observations also reveal a super-Jupiter-mass companion called TOI-4010 e in a long-period, eccentric orbit (P ∼ 762 days and e ∼ 0.26 based on available observations). TOI-4010 is one of the few systems with multiple short-period sub-Saturns to be discovered so far.

AB - We report the confirmation of three exoplanets transiting TOI-4010 (TIC-352682207), a metal-rich K dwarf observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in Sectors 24, 25, 52, and 58. We confirm these planets with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern Hemisphere radial velocity observations and measure their masses with 8−12% precision. TOI-4010 b is a sub-Neptune (P = 1.3 days, Rp=3.02−0.08+0.08R⊕ , Mp=11.00−1.27+1.29M⊕ ) in the hot-Neptune desert, and is one of the few such planets with known companions. Meanwhile, TOI-4010 c (P = 5.4 days, Rp=5.93−0.12+0.11R⊕ , Mp=20.31−2.11+2.13M⊕ ) and TOI-4010 d (P = 14.7 days, Rp=6.18−0.14+0.15R⊕ , Mp=38.15−3.22+3.27M⊕ ) are similarly sized sub-Saturns on short-period orbits. Radial velocity observations also reveal a super-Jupiter-mass companion called TOI-4010 e in a long-period, eccentric orbit (P ∼ 762 days and e ∼ 0.26 based on available observations). TOI-4010 is one of the few systems with multiple short-period sub-Saturns to be discovered so far.

KW - Transit photometry

KW - Hot Neptunes

KW - Exoplanets

KW - Exoplanet systems

KW - Exoplanet dynamics

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/acd537

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 166

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 1

ER -

TOI-4010: a system of three large short-period planets with a massive long-period companion

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Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021: Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021

Support for the PLATO Development: Support for the PLATO Development Phase 2017-2022: Planet candidate ranking and validation

Cite this