The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

Shoko Jin; Scott C. Trager; Gavin B. Dalton; J. Alfonso L. Aguerri; J. E. Drew; Jesús Falcón-Barroso; Boris T. Gänsicke; Vanessa Hill; Angela Iovino; Matthew M. Pieri; Bianca M. Poggianti; Antonella Vallenari; Don Carlos Abrams; David S. Aguado; Teresa Antoja; Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca; Yago Ascasibar; Carine Babusiaux; Marc Balcells; R. Barrena; Giuseppina Battaglia; Vasily Belokurov; Thomas Bensby; Piercarlo Bonifacio; Angela Bragaglia; Esperanza Carrasco; Ricardo Carrera; Daniel J. Cornwell; Lilian Domínguez-Palmero; Kenneth J. Duncan; Benoit Famaey; Cecilia Fariña; Oscar A. Gonzalez; Steve Guest; Nina A. Hatch; Kelley M. Hess; Matthew J. Hoskin; Mike Irwin; Johan H. Knapen; Sergey E. Koposov; Ulrike Kuchner; Clotilde Laigle; Jim Lewis; Marcella Longhetti; Sara Lucatello; Amata Mercurio; Alireza Molaeinezhad; Maria Monguió; Sean Morrison; David N. A. Murphy; Luis Peralta de Arriba; Isabel Pérez; Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols; Sergio Picó; Roberto Raddi; Mercè Romero-Gómez; Frédéric Royer; Arnaud Siebert; George M. Seabroke; Debopam Som; David Terrett; Guillaume Thomas; Roger Wesson; C. Clare Worley; Emilio J. Alfaro; Carlos Allende Prieto; Javier Alonso-Santiago; Nicholas J. Amos; Richard P. Ashley; Lola Balaguer-Núñez; Eduardo Balbinot; Michele Bellazzini; Chris R. Benn; Sara R. Berlanas; Edouard J. Bernard; Philip Best; Daniela Bettoni; Andrea Bianco; Georgia Bishop; Michael Blomqvist; Corrado Boeche; Micol Bolzonella; Silvia Bonoli; Albert Bosma; Nikolay Britavskiy; Gianni Busarello; Elisabetta Caffau; Tristan Cantat-Gaudin; Alfred Castro-Ginard; Guilherme Couto; Juan Carbajo-Hijarrubia; David Carter; Laia Casamiquela; Ana M. Conrado; Pablo Corcho-Caballero; Luca Costantin; Alis Deason; Abel de Burgos; Sabrina De Grandi; Paola Di Matteo; Jesús Domínguez-Gómez; Ricardo Dorda; Alyssa Drake; Rajeshwari Dutta; Denis Erkal; Sofia Feltzing; Anna Ferré-Mateu; Diane Feuillet; Francesca Figueras; Matteo Fossati; Elena Franciosini; Antonio Frasca; Michele Fumagalli; Anna Gallazzi; Rubén García-Benito; Nicola Gentile Fusillo; Marwan Gebran; James Gilbert; T. M. Gledhill; Rosa M. González Delgado; Robert Greimel; Mario Giuseppe Guarcello; Jose Guerra; Marco Gullieuszik; Christopher P. Haines; Martin J. Hardcastle; Amy Harris; Misha Haywood; Amina Helmi; Nauzet Hernandez; Artemio Herrero; Sarah Hughes; Vid Irsic; Pascale Jablonka; Matt J. Jarvis; Carme Jordi; Rohit Kondapally; Georges Kordopatis; Jens-Kristian Krogager; Francesco La Barbera; Man I Lam; Søren S. Larsen; Bertrand Lemasle; Ian J. Lewis; Emilie Lhomé; Karin Lind; Marcello Lodi; Alessia Longobardi; Ilaria Lonoce; Laura Magrin; Jesús Maíz Apellániz; Olivier Marchal; Amparo Marco; Nicolas F. Martin; Tadafumi Matsuno; Sophie Maurogordato; Paola Merluzzi; Jordi Miralda-Escudé; Emilio Molinari; Giacomo Monari; Lorenzo Morelli; Christopher J. Mottram; Tim Naylor; Ignacio Negueruela; Jose Oñorbe; Elena Pancino; Sébastien Peirani; Reynier F. Peletier; Lucia Pozzetti; Monica Rainer; Pau Ramos; Shaun C. Read; Elena Maria Rossi; Huub J. A. Röttgering; Jose Alberto Rubiño-Martín; Jose Sabater Montes; José San Juan; Nicoletta Sanna; Ellen Schallig; Ricardo P. Schiavon; Mathias Schultheis; Paolo Serra; Timothy W. Shimwell; Sergio Simón-Díaz; Russell J. Smith; Rosanna Sordo; Daniele Sorini; Caroline Soubiran; Else Starkenburg; Iain A. Steele; John Stott; Remko Stuik; Eline Tolstoy; Crescenzo Tortora; Maria Tsantaki; Mathieu Van der Swaelmen; Reinout J. van Weeren; Daniela Vergani; Marc A. W. Verheijen; Kristiina Verro; Jorick S. Vink; Miguel Vioque; C. Jakob Walcher; Nicholas A. Walton; Christopher Wegg; Anne-Marie Weijmans; Wendy L. Williams; Andrew J. Wilson; Nicholas J. Wright; Theodora Xylakis-Dornbusch; Kris Youakim; Stefano Zibetti; Cristina Zurita

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad557

The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

Shoko Jin^*, Scott C. Trager, Gavin B. Dalton, J. Alfonso L. Aguerri, J. E. Drew, Jesús Falcón-Barroso, Boris T. Gänsicke, Vanessa Hill, Angela Iovino, Matthew M. Pieri, Bianca M. Poggianti, Antonella Vallenari, Don Carlos Abrams, David S. Aguado, Teresa Antoja, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, Yago Ascasibar, Carine Babusiaux, Marc Balcells, R. BarrenaGiuseppina Battaglia, Vasily Belokurov, Thomas Bensby, Piercarlo Bonifacio, Angela Bragaglia, Esperanza Carrasco, Ricardo Carrera, Daniel J. Cornwell, Lilian Domínguez-Palmero, Kenneth J. Duncan, Benoit Famaey, Cecilia Fariña, Oscar A. Gonzalez, Steve Guest, Nina A. Hatch, Kelley M. Hess, Matthew J. Hoskin, Mike Irwin, Johan H. Knapen, Sergey E. Koposov, Ulrike Kuchner, Clotilde Laigle, Jim Lewis, Marcella Longhetti, Sara Lucatello, Amata Mercurio, Alireza Molaeinezhad, Maria Monguió, Sean Morrison, David N. A. Murphy, Luis Peralta de Arriba, Isabel Pérez, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Sergio Picó, Roberto Raddi, Mercè Romero-Gómez, Frédéric Royer, Arnaud Siebert, George M. Seabroke, Debopam Som, David Terrett, Guillaume Thomas, Roger Wesson, C. Clare Worley, Emilio J. Alfaro, Carlos Allende Prieto, Javier Alonso-Santiago, Nicholas J. Amos, Richard P. Ashley, Lola Balaguer-Núñez, Eduardo Balbinot, Michele Bellazzini, Chris R. Benn, Sara R. Berlanas, Edouard J. Bernard, Philip Best, Daniela Bettoni, Andrea Bianco, Georgia Bishop, Michael Blomqvist, Corrado Boeche, Micol Bolzonella, Silvia Bonoli, Albert Bosma, Nikolay Britavskiy, Gianni Busarello, Elisabetta Caffau, Tristan Cantat-Gaudin, Alfred Castro-Ginard, Guilherme Couto, Juan Carbajo-Hijarrubia, David Carter, Laia Casamiquela, Ana M. Conrado, Pablo Corcho-Caballero, Luca Costantin, Alis Deason, Abel de Burgos, Sabrina De Grandi, Paola Di Matteo, Jesús Domínguez-Gómez, Ricardo Dorda, Alyssa Drake, Rajeshwari Dutta, Denis Erkal, Sofia Feltzing, Anna Ferré-Mateu, Diane Feuillet, Francesca Figueras, Matteo Fossati, Elena Franciosini, Antonio Frasca, Michele Fumagalli, Anna Gallazzi, Rubén García-Benito, Nicola Gentile Fusillo, Marwan Gebran, James Gilbert, T. M. Gledhill, Rosa M. González Delgado, Robert Greimel, Mario Giuseppe Guarcello, Jose Guerra, Marco Gullieuszik, Christopher P. Haines, Martin J. Hardcastle, Amy Harris, Misha Haywood, Amina Helmi, Nauzet Hernandez, Artemio Herrero, Sarah Hughes, Vid Irsic, Pascale Jablonka, Matt J. Jarvis, Carme Jordi, Rohit Kondapally, Georges Kordopatis, Jens-Kristian Krogager, Francesco La Barbera, Man I Lam, Søren S. Larsen, Bertrand Lemasle, Ian J. Lewis, Emilie Lhomé, Karin Lind, Marcello Lodi, Alessia Longobardi, Ilaria Lonoce, Laura Magrin, Jesús Maíz Apellániz, Olivier Marchal, Amparo Marco, Nicolas F. Martin, Tadafumi Matsuno, Sophie Maurogordato, Paola Merluzzi, Jordi Miralda-Escudé, Emilio Molinari, Giacomo Monari, Lorenzo Morelli, Christopher J. Mottram, Tim Naylor, Ignacio Negueruela, Jose Oñorbe, Elena Pancino, Sébastien Peirani, Reynier F. Peletier, Lucia Pozzetti, Monica Rainer, Pau Ramos, Shaun C. Read, Elena Maria Rossi, Huub J. A. Röttgering, Jose Alberto Rubiño-Martín, Jose Sabater Montes, José San Juan, Nicoletta Sanna, Ellen Schallig, Ricardo P. Schiavon, Mathias Schultheis, Paolo Serra, Timothy W. Shimwell, Sergio Simón-Díaz, Russell J. Smith, Rosanna Sordo, Daniele Sorini, Caroline Soubiran, Else Starkenburg, Iain A. Steele, John Stott, Remko Stuik, Eline Tolstoy, Crescenzo Tortora, Maria Tsantaki, Mathieu Van der Swaelmen, Reinout J. van Weeren, Daniela Vergani, Marc A. W. Verheijen, Kristiina Verro, Jorick S. Vink, Miguel Vioque, C. Jakob Walcher, Nicholas A. Walton, Christopher Wegg, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Wendy L. Williams, Andrew J. Wilson, Nicholas J. Wright, Theodora Xylakis-Dornbusch, Kris Youakim, Stefano Zibetti, Cristina Zurita

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959 nm at R ∼ 5000, or two shorter ranges at R ∼ 20,000. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for ∼ 3 million stars and detailed abundances for ∼ 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey ∼ 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey ∼ 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in z < 0.5 cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in ~ 25 000 field galaxies at 0.3 ∼< z ∼< 0.7; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star forming using > 1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2688–2730
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	530
Issue number	3
Early online date	11 Mar 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad557
Publication status	Published - May 2024

Keywords

Surveys
Instrumentation spectrographs
Galaxy: general
Stars: general
Galaxies: general
Cosmology: observations

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Jin-2022-Wide-field-multiplexed-MNRAS-AAM
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Accepted author manuscript, 21.5 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Jin, S., Trager, S. C., Dalton, G. B., Aguerri, J. A. L., Drew, J. E., Falcón-Barroso, J., Gänsicke, B. T., Hill, V., Iovino, A., Pieri, M. M., Poggianti, B. M., Vallenari, A., Abrams, D. C., Aguado, D. S., Antoja, T., Aragón-Salamanca, A., Ascasibar, Y., Babusiaux, C., Balcells, M., ... Zurita, C. (2024). The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 530(3), 2688–2730. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad557

@article{29a83b92efce497bbceb8963edbdb549,

title = "The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation",

abstract = "WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959 nm at R ∼ 5000, or two shorter ranges at R ∼ 20,000. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for ∼ 3 million stars and detailed abundances for ∼ 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey ∼ 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey ∼ 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in z < 0.5 cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in ~ 25 000 field galaxies at 0.3 ∼< z ∼< 0.7; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star forming using > 1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.",

keywords = "Surveys, Instrumentation spectrographs, Galaxy: general, Stars: general, Galaxies: general, Cosmology: observations",

author = "Shoko Jin and Trager, {Scott C.} and Dalton, {Gavin B.} and Aguerri, {J. Alfonso L.} and Drew, {J. E.} and Jes{\'u}s Falc{\'o}n-Barroso and G{\"a}nsicke, {Boris T.} and Vanessa Hill and Angela Iovino and Pieri, {Matthew M.} and Poggianti, {Bianca M.} and Antonella Vallenari and Abrams, {Don Carlos} and Aguado, {David S.} and Teresa Antoja and Alfonso Arag{\'o}n-Salamanca and Yago Ascasibar and Carine Babusiaux and Marc Balcells and R. Barrena and Giuseppina Battaglia and Vasily Belokurov and Thomas Bensby and Piercarlo Bonifacio and Angela Bragaglia and Esperanza Carrasco and Ricardo Carrera and Cornwell, {Daniel J.} and Lilian Dom{\'i}nguez-Palmero and Duncan, {Kenneth J.} and Benoit Famaey and Cecilia Fari{\~n}a and Gonzalez, {Oscar A.} and Steve Guest and Hatch, {Nina A.} and Hess, {Kelley M.} and Hoskin, {Matthew J.} and Mike Irwin and Knapen, {Johan H.} and Koposov, {Sergey E.} and Ulrike Kuchner and Clotilde Laigle and Jim Lewis and Marcella Longhetti and Sara Lucatello and Amata Mercurio and Alireza Molaeinezhad and Maria Mongui{\'o} and Sean Morrison and Murphy, {David N. A.} and {Peralta de Arriba}, Luis and Isabel P{\'e}rez and Ignasi P{\'e}rez-R{\`a}fols and Sergio Pic{\'o} and Roberto Raddi and Merc{\`e} Romero-G{\'o}mez and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Royer and Arnaud Siebert and Seabroke, {George M.} and Debopam Som and David Terrett and Guillaume Thomas and Roger Wesson and Worley, {C. Clare} and Alfaro, {Emilio J.} and {Allende Prieto}, Carlos and Javier Alonso-Santiago and Amos, {Nicholas J.} and Ashley, {Richard P.} and Lola Balaguer-N{\'u}{\~n}ez and Eduardo Balbinot and Michele Bellazzini and Benn, {Chris R.} and Berlanas, {Sara R.} and Bernard, {Edouard J.} and Philip Best and Daniela Bettoni and Andrea Bianco and Georgia Bishop and Michael Blomqvist and Corrado Boeche and Micol Bolzonella and Silvia Bonoli and Albert Bosma and Nikolay Britavskiy and Gianni Busarello and Elisabetta Caffau and Tristan Cantat-Gaudin and Alfred Castro-Ginard and Guilherme Couto and Juan Carbajo-Hijarrubia and David Carter and Laia Casamiquela and Conrado, {Ana M.} and Pablo Corcho-Caballero and Luca Costantin and Alis Deason and {de Burgos}, Abel and {De Grandi}, Sabrina and {Di Matteo}, Paola and Jes{\'u}s Dom{\'i}nguez-G{\'o}mez and Ricardo Dorda and Alyssa Drake and Rajeshwari Dutta and Denis Erkal and Sofia Feltzing and Anna Ferr{\'e}-Mateu and Diane Feuillet and Francesca Figueras and Matteo Fossati and Elena Franciosini and Antonio Frasca and Michele Fumagalli and Anna Gallazzi and Rub{\'e}n Garc{\'i}a-Benito and {Gentile Fusillo}, Nicola and Marwan Gebran and James Gilbert and Gledhill, {T. M.} and {Gonz{\'a}lez Delgado}, {Rosa M.} and Robert Greimel and Guarcello, {Mario Giuseppe} and Jose Guerra and Marco Gullieuszik and Haines, {Christopher P.} and Hardcastle, {Martin J.} and Amy Harris and Misha Haywood and Amina Helmi and Nauzet Hernandez and Artemio Herrero and Sarah Hughes and Vid Irsic and Pascale Jablonka and Jarvis, {Matt J.} and Carme Jordi and Rohit Kondapally and Georges Kordopatis and Jens-Kristian Krogager and {La Barbera}, Francesco and Lam, {Man I} and Larsen, {S{\o}ren S.} and Bertrand Lemasle and Lewis, {Ian J.} and Emilie Lhom{\'e} and Karin Lind and Marcello Lodi and Alessia Longobardi and Ilaria Lonoce and Laura Magrin and {Ma{\'i}z Apell{\'a}niz}, Jes{\'u}s and Olivier Marchal and Amparo Marco and Martin, {Nicolas F.} and Tadafumi Matsuno and Sophie Maurogordato and Paola Merluzzi and Jordi Miralda-Escud{\'e} and Emilio Molinari and Giacomo Monari and Lorenzo Morelli and Mottram, {Christopher J.} and Tim Naylor and Ignacio Negueruela and Jose O{\~n}orbe and Elena Pancino and S{\'e}bastien Peirani and Peletier, {Reynier F.} and Lucia Pozzetti and Monica Rainer and Pau Ramos and Read, {Shaun C.} and Rossi, {Elena Maria} and R{\"o}ttgering, {Huub J. A.} and Rubi{\~n}o-Mart{\'i}n, {Jose Alberto} and {Sabater Montes}, Jose and {San Juan}, Jos{\'e} and Nicoletta Sanna and Ellen Schallig and Schiavon, {Ricardo P.} and Mathias Schultheis and Paolo Serra and Shimwell, {Timothy W.} and Sergio Sim{\'o}n-D{\'i}az and Smith, {Russell J.} and Rosanna Sordo and Daniele Sorini and Caroline Soubiran and Else Starkenburg and Steele, {Iain A.} and John Stott and Remko Stuik and Eline Tolstoy and Crescenzo Tortora and Maria Tsantaki and {Van der Swaelmen}, Mathieu and {van Weeren}, {Reinout J.} and Daniela Vergani and Verheijen, {Marc A. W.} and Kristiina Verro and Vink, {Jorick S.} and Miguel Vioque and Walcher, {C. Jakob} and Walton, {Nicholas A.} and Christopher Wegg and Anne-Marie Weijmans and Williams, {Wendy L.} and Wilson, {Andrew J.} and Wright, {Nicholas J.} and Theodora Xylakis-Dornbusch and Kris Youakim and Stefano Zibetti and Cristina Zurita",

note = "Funding for the WEAVE facility has been provided by UKRI STFC, the University of Oxford, NOVA, NWO, Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Canarias (IAC), the Isaac Newton Group partners (STFC, NWO, and Spain, led by the IAC), INAF, CNRS-INSU, the Observatoire de Paris, R{\'e}gion {\^I}le-de-France, CONCYT through INAOE, Konkoly Observatory (CSFK), Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Lund University, the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), the Swedish Research Council, the European Commission, and the University of Pennsylvania.",

year = "2024",

month = may,

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stad557",

language = "English",

volume = "530",

pages = "2688–2730",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

}

Jin, S, Trager, SC, Dalton, GB, Aguerri, JAL, Drew, JE, Falcón-Barroso, J, Gänsicke, BT, Hill, V, Iovino, A, Pieri, MM, Poggianti, BM, Vallenari, A, Abrams, DC, Aguado, DS, Antoja, T, Aragón-Salamanca, A, Ascasibar, Y, Babusiaux, C, Balcells, M, Barrena, R, Battaglia, G, Belokurov, V, Bensby, T, Bonifacio, P, Bragaglia, A, Carrasco, E, Carrera, R, Cornwell, DJ, Domínguez-Palmero, L, Duncan, KJ, Famaey, B, Fariña, C, Gonzalez, OA, Guest, S, Hatch, NA, Hess, KM, Hoskin, MJ, Irwin, M, Knapen, JH, Koposov, SE, Kuchner, U, Laigle, C, Lewis, J, Longhetti, M, Lucatello, S, Mercurio, A, Molaeinezhad, A, Monguió, M, Morrison, S, Murphy, DNA, Peralta de Arriba, L, Pérez, I, Pérez-Ràfols, I, Picó, S, Raddi, R, Romero-Gómez, M, Royer, F, Siebert, A, Seabroke, GM, Som, D, Terrett, D, Thomas, G, Wesson, R, Worley, CC, Alfaro, EJ, Allende Prieto, C, Alonso-Santiago, J, Amos, NJ, Ashley, RP, Balaguer-Núñez, L, Balbinot, E, Bellazzini, M, Benn, CR, Berlanas, SR, Bernard, EJ, Best, P, Bettoni, D, Bianco, A, Bishop, G, Blomqvist, M, Boeche, C, Bolzonella, M, Bonoli, S, Bosma, A, Britavskiy, N, Busarello, G, Caffau, E, Cantat-Gaudin, T, Castro-Ginard, A, Couto, G, Carbajo-Hijarrubia, J, Carter, D, Casamiquela, L, Conrado, AM, Corcho-Caballero, P, Costantin, L, Deason, A, de Burgos, A, De Grandi, S, Di Matteo, P, Domínguez-Gómez, J, Dorda, R, Drake, A, Dutta, R, Erkal, D, Feltzing, S, Ferré-Mateu, A, Feuillet, D, Figueras, F, Fossati, M, Franciosini, E, Frasca, A, Fumagalli, M, Gallazzi, A, García-Benito, R, Gentile Fusillo, N, Gebran, M, Gilbert, J, Gledhill, TM, González Delgado, RM, Greimel, R, Guarcello, MG, Guerra, J, Gullieuszik, M, Haines, CP, Hardcastle, MJ, Harris, A, Haywood, M, Helmi, A, Hernandez, N, Herrero, A, Hughes, S, Irsic, V, Jablonka, P, Jarvis, MJ, Jordi, C, Kondapally, R, Kordopatis, G, Krogager, J-K, La Barbera, F, Lam, MI, Larsen, SS, Lemasle, B, Lewis, IJ, Lhomé, E, Lind, K, Lodi, M, Longobardi, A, Lonoce, I, Magrin, L, Maíz Apellániz, J, Marchal, O, Marco, A, Martin, NF, Matsuno, T, Maurogordato, S, Merluzzi, P, Miralda-Escudé, J, Molinari, E, Monari, G, Morelli, L, Mottram, CJ, Naylor, T, Negueruela, I, Oñorbe, J, Pancino, E, Peirani, S, Peletier, RF, Pozzetti, L, Rainer, M, Ramos, P, Read, SC, Rossi, EM, Röttgering, HJA, Rubiño-Martín, JA, Sabater Montes, J, San Juan, J, Sanna, N, Schallig, E, Schiavon, RP, Schultheis, M, Serra, P, Shimwell, TW, Simón-Díaz, S, Smith, RJ, Sordo, R, Sorini, D, Soubiran, C, Starkenburg, E, Steele, IA, Stott, J, Stuik, R, Tolstoy, E, Tortora, C, Tsantaki, M, Van der Swaelmen, M, van Weeren, RJ, Vergani, D, Verheijen, MAW, Verro, K, Vink, JS, Vioque, M, Walcher, CJ, Walton, NA, Wegg, C, Weijmans, A-M, Williams, WL, Wilson, AJ, Wright, NJ, Xylakis-Dornbusch, T, Youakim, K, Zibetti, S & Zurita, C 2024, 'The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 530, no. 3, pp. 2688–2730. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad557

TY - JOUR

T1 - The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE

T2 - survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

AU - Jin, Shoko

AU - Trager, Scott C.

AU - Dalton, Gavin B.

AU - Aguerri, J. Alfonso L.

AU - Drew, J. E.

AU - Falcón-Barroso, Jesús

AU - Gänsicke, Boris T.

AU - Hill, Vanessa

AU - Iovino, Angela

AU - Pieri, Matthew M.

AU - Poggianti, Bianca M.

AU - Vallenari, Antonella

AU - Abrams, Don Carlos

AU - Aguado, David S.

AU - Antoja, Teresa

AU - Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso

AU - Ascasibar, Yago

AU - Babusiaux, Carine

AU - Balcells, Marc

AU - Barrena, R.

AU - Battaglia, Giuseppina

AU - Belokurov, Vasily

AU - Bensby, Thomas

AU - Bonifacio, Piercarlo

AU - Bragaglia, Angela

AU - Carrasco, Esperanza

AU - Carrera, Ricardo

AU - Cornwell, Daniel J.

AU - Domínguez-Palmero, Lilian

AU - Duncan, Kenneth J.

AU - Famaey, Benoit

AU - Fariña, Cecilia

AU - Gonzalez, Oscar A.

AU - Guest, Steve

AU - Hatch, Nina A.

AU - Hess, Kelley M.

AU - Hoskin, Matthew J.

AU - Irwin, Mike

AU - Knapen, Johan H.

AU - Koposov, Sergey E.

AU - Kuchner, Ulrike

AU - Laigle, Clotilde

AU - Lewis, Jim

AU - Longhetti, Marcella

AU - Lucatello, Sara

AU - Mercurio, Amata

AU - Molaeinezhad, Alireza

AU - Monguió, Maria

AU - Morrison, Sean

AU - Murphy, David N. A.

AU - Peralta de Arriba, Luis

AU - Pérez, Isabel

AU - Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi

AU - Picó, Sergio

AU - Raddi, Roberto

AU - Romero-Gómez, Mercè

AU - Royer, Frédéric

AU - Siebert, Arnaud

AU - Seabroke, George M.

AU - Som, Debopam

AU - Terrett, David

AU - Thomas, Guillaume

AU - Wesson, Roger

AU - Worley, C. Clare

AU - Alfaro, Emilio J.

AU - Allende Prieto, Carlos

AU - Alonso-Santiago, Javier

AU - Amos, Nicholas J.

AU - Ashley, Richard P.

AU - Balaguer-Núñez, Lola

AU - Balbinot, Eduardo

AU - Bellazzini, Michele

AU - Benn, Chris R.

AU - Berlanas, Sara R.

AU - Bernard, Edouard J.

AU - Best, Philip

AU - Bettoni, Daniela

AU - Bianco, Andrea

AU - Bishop, Georgia

AU - Blomqvist, Michael

AU - Boeche, Corrado

AU - Bolzonella, Micol

AU - Bonoli, Silvia

AU - Bosma, Albert

AU - Britavskiy, Nikolay

AU - Busarello, Gianni

AU - Caffau, Elisabetta

AU - Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan

AU - Castro-Ginard, Alfred

AU - Couto, Guilherme

AU - Carbajo-Hijarrubia, Juan

AU - Carter, David

AU - Casamiquela, Laia

AU - Conrado, Ana M.

AU - Corcho-Caballero, Pablo

AU - Costantin, Luca

AU - Deason, Alis

AU - de Burgos, Abel

AU - De Grandi, Sabrina

AU - Di Matteo, Paola

AU - Domínguez-Gómez, Jesús

AU - Dorda, Ricardo

AU - Drake, Alyssa

AU - Dutta, Rajeshwari

AU - Erkal, Denis

AU - Feltzing, Sofia

AU - Ferré-Mateu, Anna

AU - Feuillet, Diane

AU - Figueras, Francesca

AU - Fossati, Matteo

AU - Franciosini, Elena

AU - Frasca, Antonio

AU - Fumagalli, Michele

AU - Gallazzi, Anna

AU - García-Benito, Rubén

AU - Gentile Fusillo, Nicola

AU - Gebran, Marwan

AU - Gilbert, James

AU - Gledhill, T. M.

AU - González Delgado, Rosa M.

AU - Greimel, Robert

AU - Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe

AU - Guerra, Jose

AU - Gullieuszik, Marco

AU - Haines, Christopher P.

AU - Hardcastle, Martin J.

AU - Harris, Amy

AU - Haywood, Misha

AU - Helmi, Amina

AU - Hernandez, Nauzet

AU - Herrero, Artemio

AU - Hughes, Sarah

AU - Irsic, Vid

AU - Jablonka, Pascale

AU - Jarvis, Matt J.

AU - Jordi, Carme

AU - Kondapally, Rohit

AU - Kordopatis, Georges

AU - Krogager, Jens-Kristian

AU - La Barbera, Francesco

AU - Lam, Man I

AU - Larsen, Søren S.

AU - Lemasle, Bertrand

AU - Lewis, Ian J.

AU - Lhomé, Emilie

AU - Lind, Karin

AU - Lodi, Marcello

AU - Longobardi, Alessia

AU - Lonoce, Ilaria

AU - Magrin, Laura

AU - Maíz Apellániz, Jesús

AU - Marchal, Olivier

AU - Marco, Amparo

AU - Martin, Nicolas F.

AU - Matsuno, Tadafumi

AU - Maurogordato, Sophie

AU - Merluzzi, Paola

AU - Miralda-Escudé, Jordi

AU - Molinari, Emilio

AU - Monari, Giacomo

AU - Morelli, Lorenzo

AU - Mottram, Christopher J.

AU - Naylor, Tim

AU - Negueruela, Ignacio

AU - Oñorbe, Jose

AU - Pancino, Elena

AU - Peirani, Sébastien

AU - Peletier, Reynier F.

AU - Pozzetti, Lucia

AU - Rainer, Monica

AU - Ramos, Pau

AU - Read, Shaun C.

AU - Rossi, Elena Maria

AU - Röttgering, Huub J. A.

AU - Rubiño-Martín, Jose Alberto

AU - Sabater Montes, Jose

AU - San Juan, José

AU - Sanna, Nicoletta

AU - Schallig, Ellen

AU - Schiavon, Ricardo P.

AU - Schultheis, Mathias

AU - Serra, Paolo

AU - Shimwell, Timothy W.

AU - Simón-Díaz, Sergio

AU - Smith, Russell J.

AU - Sordo, Rosanna

AU - Sorini, Daniele

AU - Soubiran, Caroline

AU - Starkenburg, Else

AU - Steele, Iain A.

AU - Stott, John

AU - Stuik, Remko

AU - Tolstoy, Eline

AU - Tortora, Crescenzo

AU - Tsantaki, Maria

AU - Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu

AU - van Weeren, Reinout J.

AU - Vergani, Daniela

AU - Verheijen, Marc A. W.

AU - Verro, Kristiina

AU - Vink, Jorick S.

AU - Vioque, Miguel

AU - Walcher, C. Jakob

AU - Walton, Nicholas A.

AU - Wegg, Christopher

AU - Weijmans, Anne-Marie

AU - Williams, Wendy L.

AU - Wilson, Andrew J.

AU - Wright, Nicholas J.

AU - Xylakis-Dornbusch, Theodora

AU - Youakim, Kris

AU - Zibetti, Stefano

AU - Zurita, Cristina

N1 - Funding for the WEAVE facility has been provided by UKRI STFC, the University of Oxford, NOVA, NWO, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), the Isaac Newton Group partners (STFC, NWO, and Spain, led by the IAC), INAF, CNRS-INSU, the Observatoire de Paris, Région Île-de-France, CONCYT through INAOE, Konkoly Observatory (CSFK), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Lund University, the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP), the Swedish Research Council, the European Commission, and the University of Pennsylvania.

PY - 2024/5

Y1 - 2024/5

N2 - WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959 nm at R ∼ 5000, or two shorter ranges at R ∼ 20,000. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for ∼ 3 million stars and detailed abundances for ∼ 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey ∼ 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey ∼ 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in z < 0.5 cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in ~ 25 000 field galaxies at 0.3 ∼< z ∼< 0.7; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star forming using > 1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.

AB - WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366-959 nm at R ∼ 5000, or two shorter ranges at R ∼ 20,000. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for ∼ 3 million stars and detailed abundances for ∼ 1.5 million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey ∼ 0.4 million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey ∼ 400 neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in z < 0.5 cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in ~ 25 000 field galaxies at 0.3 ∼< z ∼< 0.7; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star forming using > 1 million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at z > 2. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.

KW - Surveys

KW - Instrumentation spectrographs

KW - Galaxy: general

KW - Stars: general

KW - Galaxies: general

KW - Cosmology: observations

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad557

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad557

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 530

SP - 2688

EP - 2730

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: survey design, overview, and simulated implementation

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