The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge

Jan Schipper; Janice S Chanson; Federica Chiozza; Neil A Cox; Michael Hoffmann; Vineet Katariya; John Lamoreux; Ana S L Rodrigues; Simon N Stuart; Helen J Temple; Jonathan Baillie; Luigi Boitani; Thomas E Lacher; Russell A Mittermeier; Andrew T Smith; Daniel Absolon; John M Aguiar; Giovanni Amori; Noura Bakkour; Ricardo Baldi; Richard J Berridge; Jon Bielby; Patricia Ann Black; J Julian Blanc; Thomas M Brooks; James A Burton; Thomas M Butynski; Gianluca Catullo; Roselle Chapman; Zoe Cokeliss; Ben Collen; Jim Conroy; Justin G Cooke; Gustavo A B da Fonseca; Andrew E Derocher; Holly T Dublin; J W Duckworth; Louise Emmons; Richard H Emslie; Marco Festa-Bianchet; Matt Foster; Sabrina Foster; David L Garshelis; Cormack Gates; Mariano Gimenez-Dixon; Susana Gonzalez; Jose Fernando Gonzalez-Maya; Tatjana C Good; Geoffrey Hammerson; Philip S Hammond; David Happold; Meredith Happold; John Hare; Richard B Harris; Clare E Hawkins; Mandy Haywood; Lawrence R Heaney; Simon Hedges; Kristofer M Helgen; Craig Hilton-Taylor; SA Hussain; Nobuo Ishii; Thomas A Jefferson; Richard K B Jenkins; Charlotte H Johnston; Mark Keith; Jonathan Kingdon; David H Knox; Kit M Kovacs; Penny Langhammer; Kristin Leus; Rebecca Lewison; Gabriela Lichtenstein; Lloyd F Lowry; Zoe Macavoy; Georgina M Mace; David P Mallon; Monica Masi; Meghan W McKnight; Rodrigo A Medellín; Patricia Medici; Gus Mills; Patricia D Moehlman; Sanjay Molur; Arturo Mora; Kristin Nowell; John F Oates; Wanda Olech; William R L Oliver; Monik Oprea; Bruce D Patterson; William F Perrin; Beth A Polidoro; Caroline Pollock; Abigail Powel; Yelizaveta Protas; Paul Racey; Jim Ragle; Pavithra Ramani; Galen Rathbun; Randall R Reeves; Stephen B Reilly; John E Reynolds; Carlo Rondinini; Ruth Grace Rosell-Ambal; Monica Rulli; Anthony B Rylands; Simona Savini; Cody J Schank; Wes Sechrest; Caryn Self-Sullivan; Alan Shoemaker; Claudio Sillero-Zubiri; Naamal De Silva; David E Smith; Chelmala Srinivasulu; Peter J Stephenson; Nico van Strien; Bibhab Kumar Talukdar; Barbara L Taylor; Rob Timmins; Diego G Tirira; Marcelo F Tognelli; Katerina Tsytsulina; Liza M Veiga; Jean-Christophe Vié; Elizabeth A Williamson; Sarah A Wyatt; Yan Xie; Bruce E Young

doi:10.1126/science.1165115

The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge

Jan Schipper, Janice S Chanson, Federica Chiozza, Neil A Cox, Michael Hoffmann, Vineet Katariya, John Lamoreux, Ana S L Rodrigues, Simon N Stuart, Helen J Temple, Jonathan Baillie, Luigi Boitani, Thomas E Lacher, Russell A Mittermeier, Andrew T Smith, Daniel Absolon, John M Aguiar, Giovanni Amori, Noura Bakkour, Ricardo BaldiRichard J Berridge, Jon Bielby, Patricia Ann Black, J Julian Blanc, Thomas M Brooks, James A Burton, Thomas M Butynski, Gianluca Catullo, Roselle Chapman, Zoe Cokeliss, Ben Collen, Jim Conroy, Justin G Cooke, Gustavo A B da Fonseca, Andrew E Derocher, Holly T Dublin, J W Duckworth, Louise Emmons, Richard H Emslie, Marco Festa-Bianchet, Matt Foster, Sabrina Foster, David L Garshelis, Cormack Gates, Mariano Gimenez-Dixon, Susana Gonzalez, Jose Fernando Gonzalez-Maya, Tatjana C Good, Geoffrey Hammerson, Philip S Hammond, David Happold, Meredith Happold, John Hare, Richard B Harris, Clare E Hawkins, Mandy Haywood, Lawrence R Heaney, Simon Hedges, Kristofer M Helgen, Craig Hilton-Taylor, SA Hussain, Nobuo Ishii, Thomas A Jefferson, Richard K B Jenkins, Charlotte H Johnston, Mark Keith, Jonathan Kingdon, David H Knox, Kit M Kovacs, Penny Langhammer, Kristin Leus, Rebecca Lewison, Gabriela Lichtenstein, Lloyd F Lowry, Zoe Macavoy, Georgina M Mace, David P Mallon, Monica Masi, Meghan W McKnight, Rodrigo A Medellín, Patricia Medici, Gus Mills, Patricia D Moehlman, Sanjay Molur, Arturo Mora, Kristin Nowell, John F Oates, Wanda Olech, William R L Oliver, Monik Oprea, Bruce D Patterson, William F Perrin, Beth A Polidoro, Caroline Pollock, Abigail Powel, Yelizaveta Protas, Paul Racey, Jim Ragle, Pavithra Ramani, Galen Rathbun, Randall R Reeves, Stephen B Reilly, John E Reynolds, Carlo Rondinini, Ruth Grace Rosell-Ambal, Monica Rulli, Anthony B Rylands, Simona Savini, Cody J Schank, Wes Sechrest, Caryn Self-Sullivan, Alan Shoemaker, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri, Naamal De Silva, David E Smith, Chelmala Srinivasulu, Peter J Stephenson, Nico van Strien, Bibhab Kumar Talukdar, Barbara L Taylor, Rob Timmins, Diego G Tirira, Marcelo F Tognelli, Katerina Tsytsulina, Liza M Veiga, Jean-Christophe Vié, Elizabeth A Williamson, Sarah A Wyatt, Yan Xie, Bruce E Young

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	225-30
Number of pages	6
Journal	Science
Volume	322
Issue number	5899
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165115
Publication status	Published - 10 Oct 2008

Keywords

Animals
Biodiversity
Body Size
Conservation of Natural Resources
Databases, Factual
Ecosystem
Extinction, Biological
Mammals
Marine Biology
Phylogeny
Population Dynamics
Seawater

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1126/science.1165115

NERC Core Grant: SMRU NERC Core Grant
Hall, A. J. (PI)
NERC
1/04/10 → 31/03/23
Project: Standard

Cite this

Schipper, J., Chanson, J. S., Chiozza, F., Cox, N. A., Hoffmann, M., Katariya, V., Lamoreux, J., Rodrigues, A. S. L., Stuart, S. N., Temple, H. J., Baillie, J., Boitani, L., Lacher, T. E., Mittermeier, R. A., Smith, A. T., Absolon, D., Aguiar, J. M., Amori, G., Bakkour, N., ... Young, B. E. (2008). The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge. Science, 322(5899), 225-30. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165115

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title = "The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge",

abstract = "Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.",

keywords = "Animals, Biodiversity, Body Size, Conservation of Natural Resources, Databases, Factual, Ecosystem, Extinction, Biological, Mammals, Marine Biology, Phylogeny, Population Dynamics, Seawater",

author = "Jan Schipper and Chanson, {Janice S} and Federica Chiozza and Cox, {Neil A} and Michael Hoffmann and Vineet Katariya and John Lamoreux and Rodrigues, {Ana S L} and Stuart, {Simon N} and Temple, {Helen J} and Jonathan Baillie and Luigi Boitani and Lacher, {Thomas E} and Mittermeier, {Russell A} and Smith, {Andrew T} and Daniel Absolon and Aguiar, {John M} and Giovanni Amori and Noura Bakkour and Ricardo Baldi and Berridge, {Richard J} and Jon Bielby and Black, {Patricia Ann} and Blanc, {J Julian} and Brooks, {Thomas M} and Burton, {James A} and Butynski, {Thomas M} and Gianluca Catullo and Roselle Chapman and Zoe Cokeliss and Ben Collen and Jim Conroy and Cooke, {Justin G} and {da Fonseca}, {Gustavo A B} and Derocher, {Andrew E} and Dublin, {Holly T} and Duckworth, {J W} and Louise Emmons and Emslie, {Richard H} and Marco Festa-Bianchet and Matt Foster and Sabrina Foster and Garshelis, {David L} and Cormack Gates and Mariano Gimenez-Dixon and Susana Gonzalez and Gonzalez-Maya, {Jose Fernando} and Good, {Tatjana C} and Geoffrey Hammerson and Hammond, {Philip S} and David Happold and Meredith Happold and John Hare and Harris, {Richard B} and Hawkins, {Clare E} and Mandy Haywood and Heaney, {Lawrence R} and Simon Hedges and Helgen, {Kristofer M} and Craig Hilton-Taylor and SA Hussain and Nobuo Ishii and Jefferson, {Thomas A} and Jenkins, {Richard K B} and Johnston, {Charlotte H} and Mark Keith and Jonathan Kingdon and Knox, {David H} and Kovacs, {Kit M} and Penny Langhammer and Kristin Leus and Rebecca Lewison and Gabriela Lichtenstein and Lowry, {Lloyd F} and Zoe Macavoy and Mace, {Georgina M} and Mallon, {David P} and Monica Masi and McKnight, {Meghan W} and Medell{\'i}n, {Rodrigo A} and Patricia Medici and Gus Mills and Moehlman, {Patricia D} and Sanjay Molur and Arturo Mora and Kristin Nowell and Oates, {John F} and Wanda Olech and Oliver, {William R L} and Monik Oprea and Patterson, {Bruce D} and Perrin, {William F} and Polidoro, {Beth A} and Caroline Pollock and Abigail Powel and Yelizaveta Protas and Paul Racey and Jim Ragle and Pavithra Ramani and Galen Rathbun and Reeves, {Randall R} and Reilly, {Stephen B} and Reynolds, {John E} and Carlo Rondinini and Rosell-Ambal, {Ruth Grace} and Monica Rulli and Rylands, {Anthony B} and Simona Savini and Schank, {Cody J} and Wes Sechrest and Caryn Self-Sullivan and Alan Shoemaker and Claudio Sillero-Zubiri and {De Silva}, Naamal and Smith, {David E} and Chelmala Srinivasulu and Stephenson, {Peter J} and {van Strien}, Nico and Talukdar, {Bibhab Kumar} and Taylor, {Barbara L} and Rob Timmins and Tirira, {Diego G} and Tognelli, {Marcelo F} and Katerina Tsytsulina and Veiga, {Liza M} and Jean-Christophe Vi{\'e} and Williamson, {Elizabeth A} and Wyatt, {Sarah A} and Yan Xie and Young, {Bruce E}",

year = "2008",

month = oct,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1126/science.1165115",

language = "English",

volume = "322",

pages = "225--30",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "5899",

}

Schipper, J, Chanson, JS, Chiozza, F, Cox, NA, Hoffmann, M, Katariya, V, Lamoreux, J, Rodrigues, ASL, Stuart, SN, Temple, HJ, Baillie, J, Boitani, L, Lacher, TE, Mittermeier, RA, Smith, AT, Absolon, D, Aguiar, JM, Amori, G, Bakkour, N, Baldi, R, Berridge, RJ, Bielby, J, Black, PA, Blanc, JJ, Brooks, TM, Burton, JA, Butynski, TM, Catullo, G, Chapman, R, Cokeliss, Z, Collen, B, Conroy, J, Cooke, JG, da Fonseca, GAB, Derocher, AE, Dublin, HT, Duckworth, JW, Emmons, L, Emslie, RH, Festa-Bianchet, M, Foster, M, Foster, S, Garshelis, DL, Gates, C, Gimenez-Dixon, M, Gonzalez, S, Gonzalez-Maya, JF, Good, TC, Hammerson, G, Hammond, PS, Happold, D, Happold, M, Hare, J, Harris, RB, Hawkins, CE, Haywood, M, Heaney, LR, Hedges, S, Helgen, KM, Hilton-Taylor, C, Hussain, SA, Ishii, N, Jefferson, TA, Jenkins, RKB, Johnston, CH, Keith, M, Kingdon, J, Knox, DH, Kovacs, KM, Langhammer, P, Leus, K, Lewison, R, Lichtenstein, G, Lowry, LF, Macavoy, Z, Mace, GM, Mallon, DP, Masi, M, McKnight, MW, Medellín, RA, Medici, P, Mills, G, Moehlman, PD, Molur, S, Mora, A, Nowell, K, Oates, JF, Olech, W, Oliver, WRL, Oprea, M, Patterson, BD, Perrin, WF, Polidoro, BA, Pollock, C, Powel, A, Protas, Y, Racey, P, Ragle, J, Ramani, P, Rathbun, G, Reeves, RR, Reilly, SB, Reynolds, JE, Rondinini, C, Rosell-Ambal, RG, Rulli, M, Rylands, AB, Savini, S, Schank, CJ, Sechrest, W, Self-Sullivan, C, Shoemaker, A, Sillero-Zubiri, C, De Silva, N, Smith, DE, Srinivasulu, C, Stephenson, PJ, van Strien, N, Talukdar, BK, Taylor, BL, Timmins, R, Tirira, DG, Tognelli, MF, Tsytsulina, K, Veiga, LM, Vié, J-C, Williamson, EA, Wyatt, SA, Xie, Y & Young, BE 2008, 'The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge', Science, vol. 322, no. 5899, pp. 225-30. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165115

TY - JOUR

T1 - The status of the world's land and marine mammals

T2 - diversity, threat, and knowledge

AU - Schipper, Jan

AU - Chanson, Janice S

AU - Chiozza, Federica

AU - Cox, Neil A

AU - Hoffmann, Michael

AU - Katariya, Vineet

AU - Lamoreux, John

AU - Rodrigues, Ana S L

AU - Stuart, Simon N

AU - Temple, Helen J

AU - Baillie, Jonathan

AU - Boitani, Luigi

AU - Lacher, Thomas E

AU - Mittermeier, Russell A

AU - Smith, Andrew T

AU - Absolon, Daniel

AU - Aguiar, John M

AU - Amori, Giovanni

AU - Bakkour, Noura

AU - Baldi, Ricardo

AU - Berridge, Richard J

AU - Bielby, Jon

AU - Black, Patricia Ann

AU - Blanc, J Julian

AU - Brooks, Thomas M

AU - Burton, James A

AU - Butynski, Thomas M

AU - Catullo, Gianluca

AU - Chapman, Roselle

AU - Cokeliss, Zoe

AU - Collen, Ben

AU - Conroy, Jim

AU - Cooke, Justin G

AU - da Fonseca, Gustavo A B

AU - Derocher, Andrew E

AU - Dublin, Holly T

AU - Duckworth, J W

AU - Emmons, Louise

AU - Emslie, Richard H

AU - Festa-Bianchet, Marco

AU - Foster, Matt

AU - Foster, Sabrina

AU - Garshelis, David L

AU - Gates, Cormack

AU - Gimenez-Dixon, Mariano

AU - Gonzalez, Susana

AU - Gonzalez-Maya, Jose Fernando

AU - Good, Tatjana C

AU - Hammerson, Geoffrey

AU - Hammond, Philip S

AU - Happold, David

AU - Happold, Meredith

AU - Hare, John

AU - Harris, Richard B

AU - Hawkins, Clare E

AU - Haywood, Mandy

AU - Heaney, Lawrence R

AU - Hedges, Simon

AU - Helgen, Kristofer M

AU - Hilton-Taylor, Craig

AU - Hussain, SA

AU - Ishii, Nobuo

AU - Jefferson, Thomas A

AU - Jenkins, Richard K B

AU - Johnston, Charlotte H

AU - Keith, Mark

AU - Kingdon, Jonathan

AU - Knox, David H

AU - Kovacs, Kit M

AU - Langhammer, Penny

AU - Leus, Kristin

AU - Lewison, Rebecca

AU - Lichtenstein, Gabriela

AU - Lowry, Lloyd F

AU - Macavoy, Zoe

AU - Mace, Georgina M

AU - Mallon, David P

AU - Masi, Monica

AU - McKnight, Meghan W

AU - Medellín, Rodrigo A

AU - Medici, Patricia

AU - Mills, Gus

AU - Moehlman, Patricia D

AU - Molur, Sanjay

AU - Mora, Arturo

AU - Nowell, Kristin

AU - Oates, John F

AU - Olech, Wanda

AU - Oliver, William R L

AU - Oprea, Monik

AU - Patterson, Bruce D

AU - Perrin, William F

AU - Polidoro, Beth A

AU - Pollock, Caroline

AU - Powel, Abigail

AU - Protas, Yelizaveta

AU - Racey, Paul

AU - Ragle, Jim

AU - Ramani, Pavithra

AU - Rathbun, Galen

AU - Reeves, Randall R

AU - Reilly, Stephen B

AU - Reynolds, John E

AU - Rondinini, Carlo

AU - Rosell-Ambal, Ruth Grace

AU - Rulli, Monica

AU - Rylands, Anthony B

AU - Savini, Simona

AU - Schank, Cody J

AU - Sechrest, Wes

AU - Self-Sullivan, Caryn

AU - Shoemaker, Alan

AU - Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio

AU - De Silva, Naamal

AU - Smith, David E

AU - Srinivasulu, Chelmala

AU - Stephenson, Peter J

AU - van Strien, Nico

AU - Talukdar, Bibhab Kumar

AU - Taylor, Barbara L

AU - Timmins, Rob

AU - Tirira, Diego G

AU - Tognelli, Marcelo F

AU - Tsytsulina, Katerina

AU - Veiga, Liza M

AU - Vié, Jean-Christophe

AU - Williamson, Elizabeth A

AU - Wyatt, Sarah A

AU - Xie, Yan

AU - Young, Bruce E

PY - 2008/10/10

Y1 - 2008/10/10

N2 - Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.

AB - Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.

KW - Animals

KW - Biodiversity

KW - Body Size

KW - Conservation of Natural Resources

KW - Databases, Factual

KW - Ecosystem

KW - Extinction, Biological

KW - Mammals

KW - Marine Biology

KW - Phylogeny

KW - Population Dynamics

KW - Seawater

U2 - 10.1126/science.1165115

DO - 10.1126/science.1165115

M3 - Article

C2 - 18845749

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 322

SP - 225

EP - 230

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 5899

ER -

The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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Projects

NERC Core Grant: SMRU NERC Core Grant

Cite this