The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves

M I Swayne; P F L Maxted; A H M J Triaud; S G Sousa; C Broeg; H-G Florén; P Guterman; A E Simon; I Boisse; A Bonfanti; D Martin; A Santerne; S Salmon; M R Standing; V Van Grootel; T G Wilson; Y Alibert; R Alonso; G Anglada Escudé; J Asquier; T Bárczy; D Barrado; S C C Barros; M Battley; W Baumjohann; M Beck; T Beck; A Bekkelien; W Benz; N Billot; X Bonfils; A Brandeker; M-D Busch; J Cabrera; S Charnoz; A Collier Cameron; Sz Csizmadia; M B Davies; M Deleuil; A Deline; L Delrez; O D S Demangeon; B-O Demory; G Dransfield; D Ehrenreich; A Erikson; A Fortier; L Fossati; M Fridlund; D Futyan; D Gandolfi; M Gillon; M Guedel; G Hébrard; N Heidari; C Hellier; K Heng; M Hobson; S Hoyer; K G Isaak; L Kiss; V Kunovac Hodžić; S Lalitha; J Laskar; A Lecavelier des Etangs; M Lendl; C Lovis; D Magrin; L Marafatto; J McCormac; N Miller; V Nascimbeni; G Olofsson; R Ottensamer; I Pagano; E Pallé; G Peter; G Piotto; D Pollacco; D Queloz; R Ragazzoni; N Rando; H Rauer; I Ribas; N C Santos; G Scandariato; D Ségransan; A M S Smith; M Steinberger; M Steller; Gy M Szabó; N Thomas; S Udry; I Walter; N A Walton; E Willett

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1687

The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves

M I Swayne, P F L Maxted, A H M J Triaud, S G Sousa, C Broeg, H-G Florén, P Guterman, A E Simon, I Boisse, A Bonfanti, D Martin, A Santerne, S Salmon, M R Standing, V Van Grootel, T G Wilson, Y Alibert, R Alonso, G Anglada Escudé, J AsquierT Bárczy, D Barrado, S C C Barros, M Battley, W Baumjohann, M Beck, T Beck, A Bekkelien, W Benz, N Billot, X Bonfils, A Brandeker, M-D Busch, J Cabrera, S Charnoz, A Collier Cameron, Sz Csizmadia, M B Davies, M Deleuil, A Deline, L Delrez, O D S Demangeon, B-O Demory, G Dransfield, D Ehrenreich, A Erikson, A Fortier, L Fossati, M Fridlund, D Futyan, D Gandolfi, M Gillon, M Guedel, G Hébrard, N Heidari, C Hellier, K Heng, M Hobson, S Hoyer, K G Isaak, L Kiss, V Kunovac Hodžić, S Lalitha, J Laskar, A Lecavelier des Etangs, M Lendl, C Lovis, D Magrin, L Marafatto, J McCormac, N Miller, V Nascimbeni, G Olofsson, R Ottensamer, I Pagano, E Pallé, G Peter, G Piotto, D Pollacco, D Queloz, R Ragazzoni, N Rando, H Rauer, I Ribas, N C Santos, G Scandariato, D Ségransan, A M S Smith, M Steinberger, M Steller, Gy M Szabó, N Thomas, S Udry, I Walter, N A Walton, E Willett

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Abstract

The accuracy of theoretical mass, radius, and effective temperature values for M-dwarf stars is an active topic of debate. Differences between observed and theoretical values have raised the possibility that current theoretical stellar structure and evolution models are inaccurate towards the low-mass end of the main sequence. To explore this issue, we use the CHEOPS satellite to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions. We use these light curves combined with the spectroscopic orbit for the solar-type companion to measure the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the M-dwarf star. Here, we present the analysis of three eclipsing binaries. We use the pycheops data analysis software to fit the observed transit and eclipse events of each system. Two of our systems were also observed by the TESS satellite – we similarly analyse these light curves for comparison. We find consistent results between CHEOPS and TESS, presenting three stellar radii and two stellar effective temperature values of low-mass stellar objects. These initial results from our on-going observing programme with CHEOPS show that we can expect to have ∼24 new mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for very low-mass stars within the next few years.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	306-322
Number of pages	17
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	506
Issue number	1
Early online date	12 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1687
Publication status	Published - Sept 2021

Keywords

Techniques: photometric
Techniques: spectroscopic
Binaries: eclipsing
Stars: fundamental parameters
Stars: low-mass

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10.1093/mnras/stab1687

Swayne_2021_MNRAS_EBLM-project_VoR
Copyright 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1687.
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Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021: Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021
Jardine, M. M. (PI), Bonnell, I. A. (CoI), Cameron, A. C. (CoI), Cyganowski, C. J. (CoI), Dominik, M. (CoI), Helling, C. (CoI), Horne, K. D. (CoI), Scholz, A. (CoI), Tojeiro, R. (CoI), Weijmans, A.-M. (CoI), Wild, V. (CoI), Woitke, P. (CoI), Wood, K. (CoI) & Zhao, H. (CoI)
1/04/18 → 31/03/22
Project: Standard

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Swayne, M. I., Maxted, P. F. L., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Sousa, S. G., Broeg, C., Florén, H.-G., Guterman, P., Simon, A. E., Boisse, I., Bonfanti, A., Martin, D., Santerne, A., Salmon, S., Standing, M. R., Van Grootel, V., Wilson, T. G., Alibert, Y., Alonso, R., Anglada Escudé, G., ... Willett, E. (2021). The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 506(1), 306-322. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1687

@article{42fd855a4e374b218ef537bd1fecebb7,

title = "The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves",

abstract = "The accuracy of theoretical mass, radius, and effective temperature values for M-dwarf stars is an active topic of debate. Differences between observed and theoretical values have raised the possibility that current theoretical stellar structure and evolution models are inaccurate towards the low-mass end of the main sequence. To explore this issue, we use the CHEOPS satellite to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions. We use these light curves combined with the spectroscopic orbit for the solar-type companion to measure the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the M-dwarf star. Here, we present the analysis of three eclipsing binaries. We use the pycheops data analysis software to fit the observed transit and eclipse events of each system. Two of our systems were also observed by the TESS satellite – we similarly analyse these light curves for comparison. We find consistent results between CHEOPS and TESS, presenting three stellar radii and two stellar effective temperature values of low-mass stellar objects. These initial results from our on-going observing programme with CHEOPS show that we can expect to have ∼24 new mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for very low-mass stars within the next few years.",

keywords = "Techniques: photometric, Techniques: spectroscopic, Binaries: eclipsing, Stars: fundamental parameters, Stars: low-mass",

author = "Swayne, {M I} and Maxted, {P F L} and Triaud, {A H M J} and Sousa, {S G} and C Broeg and H-G Flor{\'e}n and P Guterman and Simon, {A E} and I Boisse and A Bonfanti and D Martin and A Santerne and S Salmon and Standing, {M R} and V Van Grootel and Wilson, {T G} and Y Alibert and R Alonso and G Anglada Escud{\'e} and J Asquier and T B{\'a}rczy and D Barrado and Barros, {S C C} and M Battley and W Baumjohann and M Beck and T Beck and A Bekkelien and W Benz and N Billot and X Bonfils and A Brandeker and M-D Busch and J Cabrera and S Charnoz and A Collier Cameron and Sz Csizmadia and Davies, {M B} and M Deleuil and A Deline and L Delrez and Demangeon, {O D S} and B-O Demory and G Dransfield and D Ehrenreich and A Erikson and A Fortier and L Fossati and M Fridlund and D Futyan and D Gandolfi and M Gillon and M Guedel and G H{\'e}brard and N Heidari and C Hellier and K Heng and M Hobson and S Hoyer and Isaak, {K G} and L Kiss and V Kunovac Hod{\v z}i{\'c} and S Lalitha and J Laskar and A Lecavelier des Etangs and M Lendl and C Lovis and D Magrin and L Marafatto and J McCormac and N Miller and V Nascimbeni and G Olofsson and R Ottensamer and I Pagano and E Pall{\'e} and G Peter and G Piotto and D Pollacco and D Queloz and R Ragazzoni and N Rando and H Rauer and I Ribas and Santos, {N C} and G Scandariato and D S{\'e}gransan and Smith, {A M S} and M Steinberger and M Steller and Szab{\'o}, {Gy M} and N Thomas and S Udry and I Walter and Walton, {N A} and E Willett",

note = "Funding: MIS and PFLM are supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant numbers ST/M001040/1 and ST/T506175/1. This research is supported from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 803193/BEBOP), by a Leverhulme Trust Research Project Grant No. (RPG-2018-418)ACC and TW acknowledge support from STFC consolidated grant no. ST/M001296/1. ",

year = "2021",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stab1687",

language = "English",

volume = "506",

pages = "306--322",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

Swayne, MI, Maxted, PFL, Triaud, AHMJ, Sousa, SG, Broeg, C, Florén, H-G, Guterman, P, Simon, AE, Boisse, I, Bonfanti, A, Martin, D, Santerne, A, Salmon, S, Standing, MR, Van Grootel, V, Wilson, TG, Alibert, Y, Alonso, R, Anglada Escudé, G, Asquier, J, Bárczy, T, Barrado, D, Barros, SCC, Battley, M, Baumjohann, W, Beck, M, Beck, T, Bekkelien, A, Benz, W, Billot, N, Bonfils, X, Brandeker, A, Busch, M-D, Cabrera, J, Charnoz, S, Collier Cameron, A, Csizmadia, S, Davies, MB, Deleuil, M, Deline, A, Delrez, L, Demangeon, ODS, Demory, B-O, Dransfield, G, Ehrenreich, D, Erikson, A, Fortier, A, Fossati, L, Fridlund, M, Futyan, D, Gandolfi, D, Gillon, M, Guedel, M, Hébrard, G, Heidari, N, Hellier, C, Heng, K, Hobson, M, Hoyer, S, Isaak, KG, Kiss, L, Kunovac Hodžić, V, Lalitha, S, Laskar, J, Lecavelier des Etangs, A, Lendl, M, Lovis, C, Magrin, D, Marafatto, L, McCormac, J, Miller, N, Nascimbeni, V, Olofsson, G, Ottensamer, R, Pagano, I, Pallé, E, Peter, G, Piotto, G, Pollacco, D, Queloz, D, Ragazzoni, R, Rando, N, Rauer, H, Ribas, I, Santos, NC, Scandariato, G, Ségransan, D, Smith, AMS, Steinberger, M, Steller, M, Szabó, GM, Thomas, N, Udry, S, Walter, I, Walton, NA & Willett, E 2021, 'The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 506, no. 1, pp. 306-322. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1687

TY - JOUR

T1 - The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves

AU - Swayne, M I

AU - Maxted, P F L

AU - Triaud, A H M J

AU - Sousa, S G

AU - Broeg, C

AU - Florén, H-G

AU - Guterman, P

AU - Simon, A E

AU - Boisse, I

AU - Bonfanti, A

AU - Martin, D

AU - Santerne, A

AU - Salmon, S

AU - Standing, M R

AU - Van Grootel, V

AU - Wilson, T G

AU - Alibert, Y

AU - Alonso, R

AU - Anglada Escudé, G

AU - Asquier, J

AU - Bárczy, T

AU - Barrado, D

AU - Barros, S C C

AU - Battley, M

AU - Baumjohann, W

AU - Beck, M

AU - Beck, T

AU - Bekkelien, A

AU - Benz, W

AU - Billot, N

AU - Bonfils, X

AU - Brandeker, A

AU - Busch, M-D

AU - Cabrera, J

AU - Charnoz, S

AU - Collier Cameron, A

AU - Csizmadia, Sz

AU - Davies, M B

AU - Deleuil, M

AU - Deline, A

AU - Delrez, L

AU - Demangeon, O D S

AU - Demory, B-O

AU - Dransfield, G

AU - Ehrenreich, D

AU - Erikson, A

AU - Fortier, A

AU - Fossati, L

AU - Fridlund, M

AU - Futyan, D

AU - Gandolfi, D

AU - Gillon, M

AU - Guedel, M

AU - Hébrard, G

AU - Heidari, N

AU - Hellier, C

AU - Heng, K

AU - Hobson, M

AU - Hoyer, S

AU - Isaak, K G

AU - Kiss, L

AU - Kunovac Hodžić, V

AU - Lalitha, S

AU - Laskar, J

AU - Lecavelier des Etangs, A

AU - Lendl, M

AU - Lovis, C

AU - Magrin, D

AU - Marafatto, L

AU - McCormac, J

AU - Miller, N

AU - Nascimbeni, V

AU - Olofsson, G

AU - Ottensamer, R

AU - Pagano, I

AU - Pallé, E

AU - Peter, G

AU - Piotto, G

AU - Pollacco, D

AU - Queloz, D

AU - Ragazzoni, R

AU - Rando, N

AU - Rauer, H

AU - Ribas, I

AU - Santos, N C

AU - Scandariato, G

AU - Ségransan, D

AU - Smith, A M S

AU - Steinberger, M

AU - Steller, M

AU - Szabó, Gy M

AU - Thomas, N

AU - Udry, S

AU - Walter, I

AU - Walton, N A

AU - Willett, E

N1 - Funding: MIS and PFLM are supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant numbers ST/M001040/1 and ST/T506175/1. This research is supported from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 803193/BEBOP), by a Leverhulme Trust Research Project Grant No. (RPG-2018-418)ACC and TW acknowledge support from STFC consolidated grant no. ST/M001296/1.

PY - 2021/9

Y1 - 2021/9

N2 - The accuracy of theoretical mass, radius, and effective temperature values for M-dwarf stars is an active topic of debate. Differences between observed and theoretical values have raised the possibility that current theoretical stellar structure and evolution models are inaccurate towards the low-mass end of the main sequence. To explore this issue, we use the CHEOPS satellite to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions. We use these light curves combined with the spectroscopic orbit for the solar-type companion to measure the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the M-dwarf star. Here, we present the analysis of three eclipsing binaries. We use the pycheops data analysis software to fit the observed transit and eclipse events of each system. Two of our systems were also observed by the TESS satellite – we similarly analyse these light curves for comparison. We find consistent results between CHEOPS and TESS, presenting three stellar radii and two stellar effective temperature values of low-mass stellar objects. These initial results from our on-going observing programme with CHEOPS show that we can expect to have ∼24 new mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for very low-mass stars within the next few years.

AB - The accuracy of theoretical mass, radius, and effective temperature values for M-dwarf stars is an active topic of debate. Differences between observed and theoretical values have raised the possibility that current theoretical stellar structure and evolution models are inaccurate towards the low-mass end of the main sequence. To explore this issue, we use the CHEOPS satellite to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions. We use these light curves combined with the spectroscopic orbit for the solar-type companion to measure the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the M-dwarf star. Here, we present the analysis of three eclipsing binaries. We use the pycheops data analysis software to fit the observed transit and eclipse events of each system. Two of our systems were also observed by the TESS satellite – we similarly analyse these light curves for comparison. We find consistent results between CHEOPS and TESS, presenting three stellar radii and two stellar effective temperature values of low-mass stellar objects. These initial results from our on-going observing programme with CHEOPS show that we can expect to have ∼24 new mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for very low-mass stars within the next few years.

KW - Techniques: photometric

KW - Techniques: spectroscopic

KW - Binaries: eclipsing

KW - Stars: fundamental parameters

KW - Stars: low-mass

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stab1687

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stab1687

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 506

SP - 306

EP - 322

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves

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Keywords

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Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021: Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021

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