Surface interactive assembly of ruthenium based Janus bimetallic nanoparticles with active dual-function sites for efficient use in CO₂ utilization

Noble bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) are nowadays essential in various applications, like CO₂ utilization by dry reforming of methane (DRM), due to their unique and potential properties. A synthesis method for Ru based Janus-structured NPs is presented via surface interactive assembly of deposited Ru and emerged Ni species from carefully tailored perovskite oxide support. As noble-metals typically result in the alloy, an exclusive formation mechanism is introduced by utilizing Ru energetically favorable for the Janus phase by lower ground state energy from interactions between the strongly embedded cluster and perovskite surface. Consequently, noticeable Janus NPs, controllable in size and composition with active configuration by dual-function sites and interface strains, are well-produced with high distribution. DRM performance highly exceeds conventional Ru over 5 times in TOFs for both CO₂ and CH₄ with improved stability maintaining H₂/CO for 100 h without sintering at harsh reaction conditions, which comprehensively exhibits distinct advantages over recent works. Fundamental studies indicate combined electronic d-band structures proving distinctive CO₂ dissociation and CH₄ activation, involving efficient dehydrogenation and CO production via surface oxygenation, considerably suppresses coking. This approach presents a potential avenue to surmount constraints on designing bimetallic NPs in any structured oxide systems for effective materials in various low carbon relevant industries.