Supra-aggregates

Mixtures of oil (isooctane), water, and a double-chained ionic surfactant, Cu(AOT)(2) [copper(II) bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate] form equilibrium phases consisting of spontaneous emulsions thermodynamically stable systems. The experimental conditions are such that the head polar group of the surfactant is totally hydrated. The emulsion droplets are comprised of supra aggregates, lamellar spherulites in which interior and exterior are bicontinuous microemulsions. The microstructures and component ratios can be predicted from elementary considerations that require only the notion of local and global packing constraints. The phenomenon of supra aggregation, microphases within any topologically closed container, in equilibrium with an external phase, appears quite general. The results throw some light on the meaning of 'phase' in mesostructured fluids. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.