Sol-gel processing of IrO2-TiO2 mixed metal oxides based on a hexachloroiridate precursor

Julian R. Osman; Joe A. Crayston; Allin Pratt; David T. Richens

doi:10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x

Sol-gel processing of IrO2-TiO2 mixed metal oxides based on a hexachloroiridate precursor

Julian R. Osman, Joe A. Crayston, Allin Pratt, David T. Richens

School of Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

21 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Mixed IrO2-TiO2 oxides were prepared by the sol-gel method upon acid-catalysed hydrolysis of an iridium solution in ethanol mixed with titanium tetraethoxide in ethanol. The iridium solution was obtained by reaction of the sodium hexachloroiridate(IV) precursor in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Gels were formed in all but the high-Ir samples. Analysis of the dried gels showed minority-phase enrichment at the surface and the presence of Ir(III), while microscopy showed evidence for dispersed iridium-containing nanoparticles (1-20 nm in diameter). XRD powder patterns of the calcined material showed peaks due to a small amount of crystalline NaCl impurity which could be removed by washing. This left amorphous phases, except in the Ir:Ti 3:2 case, which showed evidence for the presence of separate crystalline oxide phases: anatase, IrO2 and Ti (x) Ir1-x O-2.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	219-225
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Volume	44
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x
Publication status	Published - Dec 2007

Keywords

sol-gel
iridium oxide
titanium oxide
IrO2
TiO2
nanoparticles
OXYGEN-EVOLUTION REACTION
PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION
IRO2 THIN-FILMS
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY
IRIDIUM OXIDE
SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION
ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS
SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE
PARTICLES
ELECTROCATALYSTS

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10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x

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title = "Sol-gel processing of IrO2-TiO2 mixed metal oxides based on a hexachloroiridate precursor",

abstract = "Mixed IrO2-TiO2 oxides were prepared by the sol-gel method upon acid-catalysed hydrolysis of an iridium solution in ethanol mixed with titanium tetraethoxide in ethanol. The iridium solution was obtained by reaction of the sodium hexachloroiridate(IV) precursor in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Gels were formed in all but the high-Ir samples. Analysis of the dried gels showed minority-phase enrichment at the surface and the presence of Ir(III), while microscopy showed evidence for dispersed iridium-containing nanoparticles (1-20 nm in diameter). XRD powder patterns of the calcined material showed peaks due to a small amount of crystalline NaCl impurity which could be removed by washing. This left amorphous phases, except in the Ir:Ti 3:2 case, which showed evidence for the presence of separate crystalline oxide phases: anatase, IrO2 and Ti (x) Ir1-x O-2.",

keywords = "sol-gel, iridium oxide, titanium oxide, IrO2, TiO2, nanoparticles, OXYGEN-EVOLUTION REACTION, PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION, IRO2 THIN-FILMS, TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, IRIDIUM OXIDE, SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION, ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS, SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE, PARTICLES, ELECTROCATALYSTS",

author = "Osman, {Julian R.} and Crayston, {Joe A.} and Allin Pratt and Richens, {David T.}",

year = "2007",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

pages = "219--225",

journal = "Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology",

issn = "1573-4846",

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T1 - Sol-gel processing of IrO2-TiO2 mixed metal oxides based on a hexachloroiridate precursor

AU - Osman, Julian R.

AU - Crayston, Joe A.

AU - Pratt, Allin

AU - Richens, David T.

PY - 2007/12

Y1 - 2007/12

N2 - Mixed IrO2-TiO2 oxides were prepared by the sol-gel method upon acid-catalysed hydrolysis of an iridium solution in ethanol mixed with titanium tetraethoxide in ethanol. The iridium solution was obtained by reaction of the sodium hexachloroiridate(IV) precursor in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Gels were formed in all but the high-Ir samples. Analysis of the dried gels showed minority-phase enrichment at the surface and the presence of Ir(III), while microscopy showed evidence for dispersed iridium-containing nanoparticles (1-20 nm in diameter). XRD powder patterns of the calcined material showed peaks due to a small amount of crystalline NaCl impurity which could be removed by washing. This left amorphous phases, except in the Ir:Ti 3:2 case, which showed evidence for the presence of separate crystalline oxide phases: anatase, IrO2 and Ti (x) Ir1-x O-2.

AB - Mixed IrO2-TiO2 oxides were prepared by the sol-gel method upon acid-catalysed hydrolysis of an iridium solution in ethanol mixed with titanium tetraethoxide in ethanol. The iridium solution was obtained by reaction of the sodium hexachloroiridate(IV) precursor in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Gels were formed in all but the high-Ir samples. Analysis of the dried gels showed minority-phase enrichment at the surface and the presence of Ir(III), while microscopy showed evidence for dispersed iridium-containing nanoparticles (1-20 nm in diameter). XRD powder patterns of the calcined material showed peaks due to a small amount of crystalline NaCl impurity which could be removed by washing. This left amorphous phases, except in the Ir:Ti 3:2 case, which showed evidence for the presence of separate crystalline oxide phases: anatase, IrO2 and Ti (x) Ir1-x O-2.

KW - sol-gel

KW - iridium oxide

KW - titanium oxide

KW - IrO2

KW - TiO2

KW - nanoparticles

KW - OXYGEN-EVOLUTION REACTION

KW - PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION

KW - IRO2 THIN-FILMS

KW - TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY

KW - IRIDIUM OXIDE

KW - SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION

KW - ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS

KW - SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE

KW - PARTICLES

KW - ELECTROCATALYSTS

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U2 - 10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x

DO - 10.1007/s10971-007-1623-x

M3 - Article

SN - 1573-4846

VL - 44

SP - 219

EP - 225

JO - Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

JF - Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

ER -

Sol-gel processing of IrO2-TiO2 mixed metal oxides based on a hexachloroiridate precursor

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