SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves

K.  Ertini; G. Folatelli; L.  Martinez; M. C. Bersten; J. P. Anderson; C.  Ashall; E. Baron; S. Bose; P. J.  Brown; C. Burns; J. M.  DerKacy; L.  Ferrari; L. Galbany; E. Hsiao; S. Kumar; J. Lu; M. Mazzali; N. Morrell; M. Orellana; P. J.  Pessi; M. M.  Phillips; A. L.  Piro; A.  Polin; M. Shahbandeh; B. J.  Shappee; M. Stritzinger; N. B.  Suntzeff; M. Tucker; N.  Elias-Rosa; H.  Kuncarayakti; C. P.  Gutiérrez; A. Kozyreva; T. E.  Müller-Bravo; T. -W. Chen; T. J.  Hinkle; A. V.  Payne; P.  Székely; T. Szalai; B. Barna; R. Könyves-Tóth,; D. Bánhidi; I. B.  Bíró; I. Csányi; L. Kriskovits; A.  Pál; Zs. Szabó; Zsofia Marianna Szabo; R.  Szakáts; K. Vida; J.  Vinkó; M. Gromadzki; L. Harvey; M.  Nicholl; E. Paraskeva; D. R.  Young; B.  Englert

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2705

SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves

K. Ertini^*, G. Folatelli, L. Martinez, M. C. Bersten, J. P. Anderson, C. Ashall, E. Baron, S. Bose, P. J. Brown, C. Burns, J. M. DerKacy, L. Ferrari, L. Galbany, E. Hsiao, S. Kumar, J. Lu, M. Mazzali, N. Morrell, M. Orellana, P. J. PessiM. M. Phillips, A. L. Piro, A. Polin, M. Shahbandeh, B. J. Shappee, M. Stritzinger, N. B. Suntzeff, M. Tucker, N. Elias-Rosa, H. Kuncarayakti, C. P. Gutiérrez, A. Kozyreva, T. E. Müller-Bravo, T. -W. Chen, T. J. Hinkle, A. V. Payne, P. Székely, T. Szalai, B. Barna, R. Könyves-Tóth,, D. Bánhidi, I. B. Bíró, I. Csányi, L. Kriskovits, A. Pál, Zs. Szabó, Zsofia Marianna Szabo, R. Szakáts, K. Vida, J. Vinkó, M. Gromadzki, L. Harvey, M. Nicholl, E. Paraskeva, D. R. Young, B. Englert

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present extensive ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometric and optical spectroscopic follow-up of supernova (SN) 2021gno by the 'Precision Observations of Infant Supernova Explosions' (POISE) project, starting less than 2 d after the explosion. Given its intermediate luminosity, fast photometric evolution, and quick transition to the nebular phase with spectra dominated by [Ca II] lines, SN 2021gno belongs to the small family of Calcium-rich transients. Moreover, it shows double-peaked light curves, a phenomenon shared with only four other Calcium-rich events. The projected distance from the centre of the host galaxy is not as large as other objects in this family. The initial optical light-curve peaks coincide with a very quick decline of the UV flux, indicating a fast initial cooling phase. Through hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve and line velocity evolution, we found that the observations are compatible with the explosion of a highly stripped massive star with an ejecta mass of 0.8M⊙ and a 56Ni mass of 0.024 M⊙. The initial cooling phase (first light-curve peak) is explained by the presence of an extended circumstellar material comprising ~10$^{−2}$M⊙ with an extension of 1100R⊙. We discuss if hydrogen features are present in both maximum-light and nebular spectra, and their implications in terms of the proposed progenitor scenarios for Calcium-rich transients.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	279-298
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	526
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2705
Publication status	Published - 8 Sept 2023

Keywords

stars: massive
supernovae: general
supernovae: individual: SN 2021gno

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10.1093/mnras/stad2705

https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.07800

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Ertini, K., Folatelli, G., Martinez, L., Bersten, M. C., Anderson, J. P., Ashall, C., Baron, E., Bose, S., Brown, P. J., Burns, C., DerKacy, J. M., Ferrari, L., Galbany, L., Hsiao, E., Kumar, S., Lu, J., Mazzali, M., Morrell, N., Orellana, M., ... Englert, B. (2023). SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 526(1), 279-298. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2705

@article{b16289874cdf45c38a67292b3231fe88,

title = "SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves",

abstract = "We present extensive ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometric and optical spectroscopic follow-up of supernova (SN) 2021gno by the 'Precision Observations of Infant Supernova Explosions' (POISE) project, starting less than 2 d after the explosion. Given its intermediate luminosity, fast photometric evolution, and quick transition to the nebular phase with spectra dominated by [Ca II] lines, SN 2021gno belongs to the small family of Calcium-rich transients. Moreover, it shows double-peaked light curves, a phenomenon shared with only four other Calcium-rich events. The projected distance from the centre of the host galaxy is not as large as other objects in this family. The initial optical light-curve peaks coincide with a very quick decline of the UV flux, indicating a fast initial cooling phase. Through hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve and line velocity evolution, we found that the observations are compatible with the explosion of a highly stripped massive star with an ejecta mass of 0.8M⊙ and a 56Ni mass of 0.024 M⊙. The initial cooling phase (first light-curve peak) is explained by the presence of an extended circumstellar material comprising ~10$^{−2}$M⊙ with an extension of 1100R⊙. We discuss if hydrogen features are present in both maximum-light and nebular spectra, and their implications in terms of the proposed progenitor scenarios for Calcium-rich transients.",

keywords = "stars: massive, supernovae: general, supernovae: individual: SN 2021gno",

author = "K. Ertini and G. Folatelli and L. Martinez and Bersten, {M. C.} and Anderson, {J. P.} and C. Ashall and E. Baron and S. Bose and Brown, {P. J.} and C. Burns and DerKacy, {J. M.} and L. Ferrari and L. Galbany and E. Hsiao and S. Kumar and J. Lu and M. Mazzali and N. Morrell and M. Orellana and Pessi, {P. J.} and Phillips, {M. M.} and Piro, {A. L.} and A. Polin and M. Shahbandeh and Shappee, {B. J.} and M. Stritzinger and Suntzeff, {N. B.} and M. Tucker and N. Elias-Rosa and H. Kuncarayakti and Guti{\'e}rrez, {C. P.} and A. Kozyreva and M{\"u}ller-Bravo, {T. E.} and Chen, {T. -W.} and Hinkle, {T. J.} and Payne, {A. V.} and P. Sz{\'e}kely and T. Szalai and B. Barna and R. K{\"o}nyves-T{\'o}th, and D. B{\'a}nhidi and B{\'i}r{\'o}, {I. B.} and I. Cs{\'a}nyi and L. Kriskovits and A. P{\'a}l and Zs. Szab{\'o} and Szabo, {Zsofia Marianna} and R. Szak{\'a}ts and K. Vida and J. Vink{\'o} and M. Gromadzki and L. Harvey and M. Nicholl and E. Paraskeva and Young, {D. R.} and B. Englert",

year = "2023",

month = sep,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stad2705",

language = "English",

volume = "526",

pages = "279--298",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

Ertini, K, Folatelli, G, Martinez, L, Bersten, MC, Anderson, JP, Ashall, C, Baron, E, Bose, S, Brown, PJ, Burns, C, DerKacy, JM, Ferrari, L, Galbany, L, Hsiao, E, Kumar, S, Lu, J, Mazzali, M, Morrell, N, Orellana, M, Pessi, PJ, Phillips, MM, Piro, AL, Polin, A, Shahbandeh, M, Shappee, BJ, Stritzinger, M, Suntzeff, NB, Tucker, M, Elias-Rosa, N, Kuncarayakti, H, Gutiérrez, CP, Kozyreva, A, Müller-Bravo, TE, Chen, T-W, Hinkle, TJ, Payne, AV, Székely, P, Szalai, T, Barna, B, Könyves-Tóth, R, Bánhidi, D, Bíró, IB, Csányi, I, Kriskovits, L, Pál, A, Szabó, Z, Szabo, ZM, Szakáts, R, Vida, K, Vinkó, J, Gromadzki, M, Harvey, L, Nicholl, M, Paraskeva, E, Young, DR & Englert, B 2023, 'SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 526, no. 1, pp. 279-298. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2705

TY - JOUR

T1 - SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves

AU - Ertini, K.

AU - Folatelli, G.

AU - Martinez, L.

AU - Bersten, M. C.

AU - Anderson, J. P.

AU - Ashall, C.

AU - Baron, E.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Brown, P. J.

AU - Burns, C.

AU - DerKacy, J. M.

AU - Ferrari, L.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Hsiao, E.

AU - Kumar, S.

AU - Lu, J.

AU - Mazzali, M.

AU - Morrell, N.

AU - Orellana, M.

AU - Pessi, P. J.

AU - Phillips, M. M.

AU - Piro, A. L.

AU - Polin, A.

AU - Shahbandeh, M.

AU - Shappee, B. J.

AU - Stritzinger, M.

AU - Suntzeff, N. B.

AU - Tucker, M.

AU - Elias-Rosa, N.

AU - Kuncarayakti, H.

AU - Gutiérrez, C. P.

AU - Kozyreva, A.

AU - Müller-Bravo, T. E.

AU - Chen, T. -W.

AU - Hinkle, T. J.

AU - Payne, A. V.

AU - Székely, P.

AU - Szalai, T.

AU - Barna, B.

AU - Könyves-Tóth,, R.

AU - Bánhidi, D.

AU - Bíró, I. B.

AU - Csányi, I.

AU - Kriskovits, L.

AU - Pál, A.

AU - Szabó, Zs.

AU - Szabo, Zsofia Marianna

AU - Szakáts, R.

AU - Vida, K.

AU - Vinkó, J.

AU - Gromadzki, M.

AU - Harvey, L.

AU - Nicholl, M.

AU - Paraskeva, E.

AU - Young, D. R.

AU - Englert, B.

PY - 2023/9/8

Y1 - 2023/9/8

N2 - We present extensive ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometric and optical spectroscopic follow-up of supernova (SN) 2021gno by the 'Precision Observations of Infant Supernova Explosions' (POISE) project, starting less than 2 d after the explosion. Given its intermediate luminosity, fast photometric evolution, and quick transition to the nebular phase with spectra dominated by [Ca II] lines, SN 2021gno belongs to the small family of Calcium-rich transients. Moreover, it shows double-peaked light curves, a phenomenon shared with only four other Calcium-rich events. The projected distance from the centre of the host galaxy is not as large as other objects in this family. The initial optical light-curve peaks coincide with a very quick decline of the UV flux, indicating a fast initial cooling phase. Through hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve and line velocity evolution, we found that the observations are compatible with the explosion of a highly stripped massive star with an ejecta mass of 0.8M⊙ and a 56Ni mass of 0.024 M⊙. The initial cooling phase (first light-curve peak) is explained by the presence of an extended circumstellar material comprising ~10$^{−2}$M⊙ with an extension of 1100R⊙. We discuss if hydrogen features are present in both maximum-light and nebular spectra, and their implications in terms of the proposed progenitor scenarios for Calcium-rich transients.

AB - We present extensive ultraviolet (UV) and optical photometric and optical spectroscopic follow-up of supernova (SN) 2021gno by the 'Precision Observations of Infant Supernova Explosions' (POISE) project, starting less than 2 d after the explosion. Given its intermediate luminosity, fast photometric evolution, and quick transition to the nebular phase with spectra dominated by [Ca II] lines, SN 2021gno belongs to the small family of Calcium-rich transients. Moreover, it shows double-peaked light curves, a phenomenon shared with only four other Calcium-rich events. The projected distance from the centre of the host galaxy is not as large as other objects in this family. The initial optical light-curve peaks coincide with a very quick decline of the UV flux, indicating a fast initial cooling phase. Through hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve and line velocity evolution, we found that the observations are compatible with the explosion of a highly stripped massive star with an ejecta mass of 0.8M⊙ and a 56Ni mass of 0.024 M⊙. The initial cooling phase (first light-curve peak) is explained by the presence of an extended circumstellar material comprising ~10$^{−2}$M⊙ with an extension of 1100R⊙. We discuss if hydrogen features are present in both maximum-light and nebular spectra, and their implications in terms of the proposed progenitor scenarios for Calcium-rich transients.

KW - stars: massive

KW - supernovae: general

KW - supernovae: individual: SN 2021gno

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad2705

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad2705

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 526

SP - 279

EP - 298

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

SN 2021gno: a calcium-rich transient with double-peaked light curves

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Keywords

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