Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds: synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties

Pavel S. Kulyabin; Alejandra Sophia Lozano-Pérez; Tianhuai Xu; Yogeshwar D. More; Harini Sampathkumar; Ketan Pancholi; Oliver Page; Chloe Rennie; Lea Hämmerling; Kelly Lima; Eli Zysman-Colman; Jin-Chong Tan; Amit Kumar

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730

Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds: synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties

Pavel S. Kulyabin
, Alejandra Sophia Lozano-Pérez
, Tianhuai Xu
, Yogeshwar D. More
, Harini Sampathkumar
, Ketan Pancholi
, Oliver Page
, Chloe Rennie
, Lea Hämmerling
, Kelly Lima
, Eli Zysman-Colman^*
, Jin-Chong Tan^*
, Amit Kumar^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We report here the synthesis, degradation, and properties of polyamides containing disulfide bonds. The polyamides have been prepared using a two-step melt polycondensation process from 4,4′-dithiodibutyric acid and bioderived Priamine. The degradation of these polymers has been investigated using a combination of tools, such as visible light photocatalysis, and UV-mediated degradation. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of these polymers were also studied. The disulfide-containing polymers exhibit elastomeric and self-healing properties while showing high thermal stability. Furthermore, the novel application of these unique tribopositive polymers as self-repairable triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting has also been demonstrated.

Original language	English
Number of pages	10
Journal	Macromolecules
Volume	ASAP
Early online date	14 Nov 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 14 Nov 2025

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SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

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2 Finished
3 Active

SolOLED: TADF Dendrimers for Highly Efficient Solution-Processed OLEDs
Zysman-Colman, E. (PI)
EPSRC
1/01/25 → 31/12/29
Project: Fellowship
Allan Watson Programme Grant: Boron: Beyond the Reagent
Watson, A. (PI), Morris, R. (CoI), Smith, A. (CoI) & Zysman-Colman, E. (CoI)
UK Research and Innovation
1/05/23 → 30/04/28
Project: Standard
New Directions for the Sythesis: New Directions for the Synthesis and Degradation of Renewable and Recyclable Plastics Using Homogeneous Catalytic (De)hydrogenation
Kumar, A. (PI)
Medical Research Council
1/08/22 → 31/07/26
Project: Fellowship

Semirenewable Polyamides Containing Disulfide Bonds: Synthesis, Degradation, Self-Healing, and Triboelectric Properties (dataset)
Kulyabin, P. (Creator), Lozano Perez, A. S. (Creator), Xu, T. (Creator), More , Y. D. (Creator), Sampathkumar , H. (Creator), Pancholi , K. (Creator), Rennie , C. (Creator), Hämmerling , L. (Creator), Zysman-Colman, E. (Creator), Kumar, A. (Creator) & Tan, J.-C. (Creator), University of St Andrews, 17 Nov 2025
DOI: 10.17630/b07996e5-71c7-4c7d-a9c2-f39fc07172ca
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Cite this

Kulyabin, P. S., Lozano-Pérez, A. S., Xu, T., More, Y. D., Sampathkumar, H., Pancholi, K., Page, O., Rennie, C., Hämmerling, L., Lima, K., Zysman-Colman, E., Tan, J.-C., & Kumar, A. (2025). Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds: synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties. Macromolecules, ASAP. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730

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title = "Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds: synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties",

abstract = "We report here the synthesis, degradation, and properties of polyamides containing disulfide bonds. The polyamides have been prepared using a two-step melt polycondensation process from 4,4′-dithiodibutyric acid and bioderived Priamine. The degradation of these polymers has been investigated using a combination of tools, such as visible light photocatalysis, and UV-mediated degradation. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of these polymers were also studied. The disulfide-containing polymers exhibit elastomeric and self-healing properties while showing high thermal stability. Furthermore, the novel application of these unique tribopositive polymers as self-repairable triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting has also been demonstrated.",

author = "Kulyabin, \{Pavel S.\} and Lozano-P{\'e}rez, \{Alejandra Sophia\} and Tianhuai Xu and More, \{Yogeshwar D.\} and Harini Sampathkumar and Ketan Pancholi and Oliver Page and Chloe Rennie and Lea H{\"a}mmerling and Kelly Lima and Eli Zysman-Colman and Jin-Chong Tan and Amit Kumar",

note = "Funding: This research is funded by a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/W007460/1). J.C.T. thanks the EPSRC for funding the Horizon Europe ERC AdG award (TEGMOF EP/Z534146/1). J.C.T. and Y.D.M. would like to acknowledge the ERC Consolidator Grant (PROMOFS grant agreement 771575) for funding. E.Z.-C. acknowledges EPSRC for funding (EP/R035164/1; EP/W007517/1; EP/Z535291/1). E.Z-C and L.H. also thank the European Union H2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklowdoska-Curie Grant Agreement (PhotoReAct, No. 956324).",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

day = "14",

doi = "10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730",

language = "English",

volume = "ASAP",

journal = "Macromolecules",

issn = "0024-9297",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds

T2 - synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties

AU - Kulyabin, Pavel S.

AU - Lozano-Pérez, Alejandra Sophia

AU - Xu, Tianhuai

AU - More, Yogeshwar D.

AU - Sampathkumar, Harini

AU - Pancholi, Ketan

AU - Page, Oliver

AU - Rennie, Chloe

AU - Hämmerling, Lea

AU - Lima, Kelly

AU - Zysman-Colman, Eli

AU - Tan, Jin-Chong

AU - Kumar, Amit

N1 - Funding: This research is funded by a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/W007460/1). J.C.T. thanks the EPSRC for funding the Horizon Europe ERC AdG award (TEGMOF EP/Z534146/1). J.C.T. and Y.D.M. would like to acknowledge the ERC Consolidator Grant (PROMOFS grant agreement 771575) for funding. E.Z.-C. acknowledges EPSRC for funding (EP/R035164/1; EP/W007517/1; EP/Z535291/1). E.Z-C and L.H. also thank the European Union H2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklowdoska-Curie Grant Agreement (PhotoReAct, No. 956324).

PY - 2025/11/14

Y1 - 2025/11/14

N2 - We report here the synthesis, degradation, and properties of polyamides containing disulfide bonds. The polyamides have been prepared using a two-step melt polycondensation process from 4,4′-dithiodibutyric acid and bioderived Priamine. The degradation of these polymers has been investigated using a combination of tools, such as visible light photocatalysis, and UV-mediated degradation. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of these polymers were also studied. The disulfide-containing polymers exhibit elastomeric and self-healing properties while showing high thermal stability. Furthermore, the novel application of these unique tribopositive polymers as self-repairable triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting has also been demonstrated.

AB - We report here the synthesis, degradation, and properties of polyamides containing disulfide bonds. The polyamides have been prepared using a two-step melt polycondensation process from 4,4′-dithiodibutyric acid and bioderived Priamine. The degradation of these polymers has been investigated using a combination of tools, such as visible light photocatalysis, and UV-mediated degradation. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of these polymers were also studied. The disulfide-containing polymers exhibit elastomeric and self-healing properties while showing high thermal stability. Furthermore, the novel application of these unique tribopositive polymers as self-repairable triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting has also been demonstrated.

U2 - 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730

DO - 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02730

M3 - Article

SN - 0024-9297

VL - ASAP

JO - Macromolecules

JF - Macromolecules

ER -

Semirenewable polyamides containing disulfide bonds: synthesis, degradation, self-healing, and triboelectric properties

Abstract

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Projects

SolOLED: TADF Dendrimers for Highly Efficient Solution-Processed OLEDs

Allan Watson Programme Grant: Boron: Beyond the Reagent

New Directions for the Sythesis: New Directions for the Synthesis and Degradation of Renewable and Recyclable Plastics Using Homogeneous Catalytic (De)hydrogenation

Datasets

Semirenewable Polyamides Containing Disulfide Bonds: Synthesis, Degradation, Self-Healing, and Triboelectric Properties (dataset)

Cite this