Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties

Raja Sekhar Muddam; Shaoyang Wang; Nirmal Prashanth Maria Joseph Raj; Qingping Wang; Philip Wijesinghe; Julia Payne; Matthew S. Dyer; Chris Bowen; Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma

doi:10.1002/adfm.202425192

Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties

Raja Sekhar Muddam, Shaoyang Wang, Nirmal Prashanth Maria Joseph Raj, Qingping Wang, Philip Wijesinghe, Julia Payne, Matthew S. Dyer, Chris Bowen, Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)₂(MA)_n-1Pb_nBr_3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr₂O₃ or phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)₂(MA)_n-1PbnBr_{3n+1 +1} thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.

Original language	English
Article number	2425192
Number of pages	13
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	Early View
Early online date	1 Apr 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425192
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 1 Apr 2025

Keywords

(BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1
Low-frequency P-E loops
Multi-source energy harvesting
Semiconducting ferroelectrics
Thin film ferroelectrics

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Muddam_2025_AFM_Self-poled-halide-perovskite-Ruddlesden-Popper-semiconductor_CC
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Final published version, 3.54 MBLicence: CC BY

Energy Harvesting Properties of Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films (dataset)
Muddam, R. S. (Creator), Wang, S. (Creator), Maria Joseph Raj, N. P. (Creator), Wang, Q. (Creator), Wijesinghe, P. (Creator), Dyer, M. (Creator), Payne, J. L. (Creator), Bowen, C. (Creator) & Krishnan Jagadamma, L. (Creator), University of St Andrews, 15 Apr 2025
DOI: 10.17630/9a780ecb-f0c3-46fe-ae3e-572139543b75
Dataset

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Cite this

Muddam, R. S., Wang, S., Maria Joseph Raj, N. P., Wang, Q., Wijesinghe, P., Payne, J., Dyer, M. S., Bowen, C., & Krishnan Jagadamma, L. (2025). Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties. Advanced Functional Materials, Early View, Article 2425192. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425192

@article{ae6a5b2e5b954a689446a0a93cb4ceed,

title = "Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties",

abstract = "Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr2O3 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 +1 thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.",

keywords = "(BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1, Low-frequency P-E loops, Multi-source energy harvesting, Semiconducting ferroelectrics, Thin film ferroelectrics",

author = "Muddam, {Raja Sekhar} and Shaoyang Wang and {Maria Joseph Raj}, {Nirmal Prashanth} and Qingping Wang and Philip Wijesinghe and Julia Payne and Dyer, {Matthew S.} and Chris Bowen and {Krishnan Jagadamma}, Lethy",

note = "Funding: L.K.J. acknowledges funding from UKRI-FLF through MR/T022094/1. This work used the Cirrus UK National Tier-2 HPC Service at EPCC (http://www.cirrus.ac.uk) funded by the University of Edinburgh and EPSRC (EP/P020267/1). C.R.B. and Q.W. acknowledge support of UKRI Frontier Research Guarantee on the “Processing of Smart Porous Electro-Ceramic Transducers – ProSPECT”, project. No. EP/X023265/1. Q.W. acknowledges the support of the UKRI Postdoctoral Fellowship Guarantee (Project No. EP/Y017412/1), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 51902094).",

year = "2025",

month = apr,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1002/adfm.202425192",

language = "English",

volume = "Early View",

journal = "Advanced Functional Materials",

issn = "1616-301X",

publisher = "John Wiley & Sons, Ltd",

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T1 - Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties

AU - Muddam, Raja Sekhar

AU - Wang, Shaoyang

AU - Maria Joseph Raj, Nirmal Prashanth

AU - Wang, Qingping

AU - Wijesinghe, Philip

AU - Payne, Julia

AU - Dyer, Matthew S.

AU - Bowen, Chris

AU - Krishnan Jagadamma, Lethy

N1 - Funding: L.K.J. acknowledges funding from UKRI-FLF through MR/T022094/1. This work used the Cirrus UK National Tier-2 HPC Service at EPCC (http://www.cirrus.ac.uk) funded by the University of Edinburgh and EPSRC (EP/P020267/1). C.R.B. and Q.W. acknowledge support of UKRI Frontier Research Guarantee on the “Processing of Smart Porous Electro-Ceramic Transducers – ProSPECT”, project. No. EP/X023265/1. Q.W. acknowledges the support of the UKRI Postdoctoral Fellowship Guarantee (Project No. EP/Y017412/1), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 51902094).

PY - 2025/4/1

Y1 - 2025/4/1

N2 - Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr2O3 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 +1 thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.

AB - Ambient energy harvesters with multi-source energy harvesting capabilities are highly desirable for developing compact and sustainable power solutions for emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things. In this study, thin films of low-dimensional halide perovskites, (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2), are demonstrated to be both semiconducting and ferroelectric, enabling the harvesting of mechanical and ambient light energy. By incorporating Cr/Cr2O3 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as a barrier/passivation layer, reproducible ferroelectric properties are consistently achieved in (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1 +1 thin films. The corresponding flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters delivered a peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of 8 V under a 10 N force, while the photovoltaic devices exhibited an open-circuit voltage of ≈1.2 V under 1 Sun illumination. This study unveils the potential of low-dimensional halide perovskite thin films for lightweight, multi-source energy harvesting and provides key insights into the crucial role of barrier layers in achieving reliable thin-film halide perovskite ferroelectric devices.

KW - (BA)2(MA)n-1PbnBr3n+1

KW - Low-frequency P-E loops

KW - Multi-source energy harvesting

KW - Semiconducting ferroelectrics

KW - Thin film ferroelectrics

U2 - 10.1002/adfm.202425192

DO - 10.1002/adfm.202425192

M3 - Article

SN - 1616-301X

VL - Early View

JO - Advanced Functional Materials

JF - Advanced Functional Materials

M1 - 2425192

ER -

Self-poled halide perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper ferroelectric-photovoltaic semiconductor thin films and their energy harvesting properties

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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Datasets

Energy Harvesting Properties of Self-Poled Halide Perovskite Ruddlesden-Popper Ferroelectric-Photovoltaic Semiconductor Thin Films (dataset)

Cite this