SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys

Sarina Kapai; Dustin Schroeder; Anna Broome; Tun Jan Young; Craig Stewart

doi:10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784

SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys

Sarina Kapai, Dustin Schroeder, Anna Broome, Tun Jan Young, Craig Stewart

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

The Autonomous Phase-Sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) is a relatively inexpensive ice-penetrating Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar that is widely utilized in the glaciological community to obtain estimates of ice-sheet basal melt, vertical strain, and compaction rates. However, these instruments are designed for stationary deployments, which prevents glacier- and catchment-scale surveys. To expand the range of available applications, we assess the feasibility of mobile ApRES surveys. Our investigation reveals that utilizing the ApRES in this manner introduces artifacts into the raw data. This paper characterizes the two types of artifacts (Doppler Blurring and grating lobes), investigates the conditions for when they occur, and attempts to correct them by modifying synthetic aperture radar (SAR) focusing algorithms for FMCW radars. We ultimately identify the main obstacle in focusing radargrams from mobile ApRES surveys to be grating lobes; future work that reduces the presence of this artifact could enable more widespread use of mobile ApRES surveys.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings
Place of Publication	Piscataway, NJ
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	1688-1691
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	9781665427920
ISBN (Print)	9781665427937
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784
Publication status	Published - 28 Sept 2022
Event	2022 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (KLCC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Duration: 17 Jul 2022 → 22 Jul 2022 https://www.igarss2022.org/

Publication series

Name	IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)
ISSN (Print)	2153-6996
ISSN (Electronic)	2153-7003

Conference

Conference	2022 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
Abbreviated title	IGARSS 2022
Country/Territory	Malaysia
City	Kuala Lumpur
Period	17/07/22 → 22/07/22
Internet address	https://www.igarss2022.org/

Keywords

ApRES
FMCW
Grating lobes
SAR

Access to Document

10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784

Cite this

@inproceedings{e5b8940306aa4d05bbd5d78d2406ace0,

title = "SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys",

abstract = "The Autonomous Phase-Sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) is a relatively inexpensive ice-penetrating Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar that is widely utilized in the glaciological community to obtain estimates of ice-sheet basal melt, vertical strain, and compaction rates. However, these instruments are designed for stationary deployments, which prevents glacier- and catchment-scale surveys. To expand the range of available applications, we assess the feasibility of mobile ApRES surveys. Our investigation reveals that utilizing the ApRES in this manner introduces artifacts into the raw data. This paper characterizes the two types of artifacts (Doppler Blurring and grating lobes), investigates the conditions for when they occur, and attempts to correct them by modifying synthetic aperture radar (SAR) focusing algorithms for FMCW radars. We ultimately identify the main obstacle in focusing radargrams from mobile ApRES surveys to be grating lobes; future work that reduces the presence of this artifact could enable more widespread use of mobile ApRES surveys.",

keywords = "ApRES, FMCW, Grating lobes, SAR",

author = "Sarina Kapai and Dustin Schroeder and Anna Broome and Young, {Tun Jan} and Craig Stewart",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781665427937",

series = "IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)",

publisher = "IEEE",

pages = "1688--1691",

booktitle = "2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings",

note = "2022 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2022 ; Conference date: 17-07-2022 Through 22-07-2022",

url = "https://www.igarss2022.org/",

}

Kapai, S, Schroeder, D, Broome, A, Young, TJ & Stewart, C 2022, SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys. in 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings. IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS), IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, pp. 1688-1691, 2022 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 17/07/22. https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784

SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys. / Kapai, Sarina; Schroeder, Dustin; Broome, Anna et al.
2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2022. p. 1688-1691 (IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys

AU - Kapai, Sarina

AU - Schroeder, Dustin

AU - Broome, Anna

AU - Young, Tun Jan

AU - Stewart, Craig

PY - 2022/9/28

Y1 - 2022/9/28

N2 - The Autonomous Phase-Sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) is a relatively inexpensive ice-penetrating Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar that is widely utilized in the glaciological community to obtain estimates of ice-sheet basal melt, vertical strain, and compaction rates. However, these instruments are designed for stationary deployments, which prevents glacier- and catchment-scale surveys. To expand the range of available applications, we assess the feasibility of mobile ApRES surveys. Our investigation reveals that utilizing the ApRES in this manner introduces artifacts into the raw data. This paper characterizes the two types of artifacts (Doppler Blurring and grating lobes), investigates the conditions for when they occur, and attempts to correct them by modifying synthetic aperture radar (SAR) focusing algorithms for FMCW radars. We ultimately identify the main obstacle in focusing radargrams from mobile ApRES surveys to be grating lobes; future work that reduces the presence of this artifact could enable more widespread use of mobile ApRES surveys.

AB - The Autonomous Phase-Sensitive Radio Echo Sounder (ApRES) is a relatively inexpensive ice-penetrating Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar that is widely utilized in the glaciological community to obtain estimates of ice-sheet basal melt, vertical strain, and compaction rates. However, these instruments are designed for stationary deployments, which prevents glacier- and catchment-scale surveys. To expand the range of available applications, we assess the feasibility of mobile ApRES surveys. Our investigation reveals that utilizing the ApRES in this manner introduces artifacts into the raw data. This paper characterizes the two types of artifacts (Doppler Blurring and grating lobes), investigates the conditions for when they occur, and attempts to correct them by modifying synthetic aperture radar (SAR) focusing algorithms for FMCW radars. We ultimately identify the main obstacle in focusing radargrams from mobile ApRES surveys to be grating lobes; future work that reduces the presence of this artifact could enable more widespread use of mobile ApRES surveys.

KW - ApRES

KW - FMCW

KW - Grating lobes

KW - SAR

U2 - 10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784

DO - 10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883784

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 9781665427937

T3 - IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

SP - 1688

EP - 1691

BT - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings

PB - IEEE

CY - Piscataway, NJ

T2 - 2022 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

Y2 - 17 July 2022 through 22 July 2022

ER -

SAR focusing of mobile ApRES surveys

Abstract

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Keywords

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