TY - JOUR
T1 - Plotting a future for Amazonian canga vegetation in a campo rupestre context
AU - Zappi, Daniela C
AU - Moro, Marcelo F
AU - Walker, Barnaby
AU - Meagher, Thomas
AU - Viana, Pedro L
AU - Mota, Nara F O
AU - Watanabe, Mauricio T C
AU - Nic Lughadha, Eimear
N1 - This work was supported by CNPq project (455505/2014-4) to all authors; The MPEG/ITVDS/FADESP Term of Agreement (01205.000250/2014-10); DCZ – CNPq productivity grant; NFOM - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (BR- 88887/130640/2016-00).
PY - 2019/8/5
Y1 - 2019/8/5
N2 - In order to establish effective conservation strategy, drivers of local
and regional patterns of biodiversity need to be understood. The
composition of local biodiversity is dependent on a number of factors
including evolution and redistribution of lineages through dispersal and
environmental heterogeneity. Brazilian canga is characterised
by a ferrugineous substrate, found both in the Iron Quadrangle of Minas
Gerais and in the Carajás mountains in Amazonia. Canga is one of several specialised habitat types comprising Brazilian campo rupestre,
a montane vegetation found within or adjacent to several major
Brazilian bioregions, including the Atlantic Forest and Amazonia, with
exceptionally high levels of diversity and endemism arising from both
history of dispersal and environmental variation. In order to inform
biodiversity conservation for canga, and more broadly for campo rupestre, we performed floristic and phylogenetic analyses investigating affinities between 28 sites on different substrates (canga
and quartzite) and geographic locations (Carajás, Pará [Amazonia];
Cadeia do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais; Chapada Diamantina, Bahia). Through
analysis of 11204 occurrences of 4705 species of angiosperms, we found
that Amazonian Carajás canga plant communities formed a
cohesive group, distinct from species assemblages found in Eastern
Brazil (Minas Gerais, Bahia), either on canga or quartzite. The
phylogenetic megatree of species across all sites investigated shows
associations between certain clades and Amazonian canga, with
few shared species between the Amazonian Carajás and Eastern Brazil
sites, while the floristic comparison shows high levels of heterogeneity
between sites. The need for reserves for Amazonian Carajás canga
has been recognized and addressed by the creation of a national park.
However, current sampling does not provide sufficient reassurance that
the canga areas now benefitting from full legal protection adequately represent the regional canga flora.
AB - In order to establish effective conservation strategy, drivers of local
and regional patterns of biodiversity need to be understood. The
composition of local biodiversity is dependent on a number of factors
including evolution and redistribution of lineages through dispersal and
environmental heterogeneity. Brazilian canga is characterised
by a ferrugineous substrate, found both in the Iron Quadrangle of Minas
Gerais and in the Carajás mountains in Amazonia. Canga is one of several specialised habitat types comprising Brazilian campo rupestre,
a montane vegetation found within or adjacent to several major
Brazilian bioregions, including the Atlantic Forest and Amazonia, with
exceptionally high levels of diversity and endemism arising from both
history of dispersal and environmental variation. In order to inform
biodiversity conservation for canga, and more broadly for campo rupestre, we performed floristic and phylogenetic analyses investigating affinities between 28 sites on different substrates (canga
and quartzite) and geographic locations (Carajás, Pará [Amazonia];
Cadeia do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais; Chapada Diamantina, Bahia). Through
analysis of 11204 occurrences of 4705 species of angiosperms, we found
that Amazonian Carajás canga plant communities formed a
cohesive group, distinct from species assemblages found in Eastern
Brazil (Minas Gerais, Bahia), either on canga or quartzite. The
phylogenetic megatree of species across all sites investigated shows
associations between certain clades and Amazonian canga, with
few shared species between the Amazonian Carajás and Eastern Brazil
sites, while the floristic comparison shows high levels of heterogeneity
between sites. The need for reserves for Amazonian Carajás canga
has been recognized and addressed by the creation of a national park.
However, current sampling does not provide sufficient reassurance that
the canga areas now benefitting from full legal protection adequately represent the regional canga flora.
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0219753
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0219753
M3 - Article
C2 - 31381566
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 14
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 8
M1 - e0219753
ER -