Optofluidic distributed feedback lasers with evanescent pumping: reduced threshold and angular dispersion analysis

Markus Karl; Guy Luke Whitworth; Marcel Schubert; Christof Peter Dietrich; Ifor David William Samuel; Graham A. Turnbull; Malte Christian Gather

doi:10.1063/1.4954650

Optofluidic distributed feedback lasers with evanescent pumping: reduced threshold and angular dispersion analysis

Markus Karl, Guy Luke Whitworth, Marcel Schubert, Christof Peter Dietrich, Ifor David William Samuel, Graham A. Turnbull, Malte Christian Gather

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We demonstrate an evanescently pumped water-based optofluidic DFB laser with a record low pump threshold of E_TH = 520 nJ. The low threshold results from an optimized mode shape, which is achieved by a low refractive index substrate, and from the use of a mixed-order DFB grating. Investigating the photonic band structure via angular dispersion analysis both above and below lasing threshold allows us to measure the refractive index of the liquid gain layer and to determine device parameters such as the waveguide core layer thickness. We show that it is possible to tailor the divergence of the lasing emission by varying the number of second order grating periods used for outcoupling.

Original language	English
Article number	261101
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	108
Issue number	26
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954650
Publication status	Published - 27 Jun 2016

Keywords

Distributed feedback (DFB) laser
Optofluidic Lasers
Evanescent laser
Angular dispersion

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10.1063/1.4954650Licence: CC BY

Karl_2016_APL_Optofluidic_CCBY-FinalPublishedVersion
Copyright 2016 Authors. All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Final published version, 1.54 MBLicence: CC BY

Living Lasers: H2020 Marie Curie Fellowship 2014 LIVING LASERS
Gather, M. C. (PI)
European Commission
1/08/15 → 31/07/17
Project: Fellowship
H2020 ERC Starting Grant ABLASE: H2020 ERC Starting Grant ABLASE (Grant Agreement No. 640012)
Gather, M. C. (PI)
European Research Council
1/06/15 → 31/05/21
Project: Standard
Organic Optoelectronics: Organic Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Challenges and Opportunities
Samuel, I. D. W. (PI)
The Royal Society
1/08/13 → 31/07/18
Project: Standard

Data underpinning - Optofluidic Distributed Feedback Lasers with Evanescent Pumping - Reduced Threshold and Angular Dispersion Analysis
Karl, M. (Creator), Schubert, M. (Creator), Whitworth, G. L. (Creator), Dietrich, C. P. (Creator), Samuel, I. D. W. (Creator), Turnbull, G. A. (Creator) & Gather, M. C. (Creator), University of St Andrews, 28 Jun 2016
DOI: 10.17630/0ed7dad7-75e1-4ab9-9845-c455d1a7c6a4
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Cite this

@article{dc6608a37dc447889e5fd81cd57fde0a,

title = "Optofluidic distributed feedback lasers with evanescent pumping: reduced threshold and angular dispersion analysis",

abstract = "We demonstrate an evanescently pumped water-based optofluidic DFB laser with a record low pump threshold of ETH = 520 nJ. The low threshold results from an optimized mode shape, which is achieved by a low refractive index substrate, and from the use of a mixed-order DFB grating. Investigating the photonic band structure via angular dispersion analysis both above and below lasing threshold allows us to measure the refractive index of the liquid gain layer and to determine device parameters such as the waveguide core layer thickness. We show that it is possible to tailor the divergence of the lasing emission by varying the number of second order grating periods used for outcoupling.",

keywords = "Distributed feedback (DFB) laser, Optofluidic Lasers, Evanescent laser, Angular dispersion",

author = "Markus Karl and Whitworth, {Guy Luke} and Marcel Schubert and Dietrich, {Christof Peter} and Samuel, {Ifor David William} and Turnbull, {Graham A.} and Gather, {Malte Christian}",

note = "The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC StG ABLASE, 640012), the Scottish Funding Council (via SUPA) and the European Union Marie Curie Career Integration Grant (PCIG12-GA-2012-334407). M.K. and G.L.W. acknowledge funding from the EPSRC DTG (EP/M506631/1 and EP/K503162/1). M.S. acknowledges funding from the European Commission for a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (659213). I.D.W.S. acknowledges funding from a Royal Society Wolfson research merit award. The research data supporting this publication can be accessed at http://dx.doi.org/10.17630/0ed7dad7-75e1-4ab9-9845-c455d1a7c6a4.",

year = "2016",

month = jun,

day = "27",

doi = "10.1063/1.4954650",

language = "English",

volume = "108",

journal = "Applied Physics Letters",

issn = "0003-6951",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics",

number = "26",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Optofluidic distributed feedback lasers with evanescent pumping

T2 - reduced threshold and angular dispersion analysis

AU - Karl, Markus

AU - Whitworth, Guy Luke

AU - Schubert, Marcel

AU - Dietrich, Christof Peter

AU - Samuel, Ifor David William

AU - Turnbull, Graham A.

AU - Gather, Malte Christian

N1 - The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC StG ABLASE, 640012), the Scottish Funding Council (via SUPA) and the European Union Marie Curie Career Integration Grant (PCIG12-GA-2012-334407). M.K. and G.L.W. acknowledge funding from the EPSRC DTG (EP/M506631/1 and EP/K503162/1). M.S. acknowledges funding from the European Commission for a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (659213). I.D.W.S. acknowledges funding from a Royal Society Wolfson research merit award. The research data supporting this publication can be accessed at http://dx.doi.org/10.17630/0ed7dad7-75e1-4ab9-9845-c455d1a7c6a4.

PY - 2016/6/27

Y1 - 2016/6/27

N2 - We demonstrate an evanescently pumped water-based optofluidic DFB laser with a record low pump threshold of ETH = 520 nJ. The low threshold results from an optimized mode shape, which is achieved by a low refractive index substrate, and from the use of a mixed-order DFB grating. Investigating the photonic band structure via angular dispersion analysis both above and below lasing threshold allows us to measure the refractive index of the liquid gain layer and to determine device parameters such as the waveguide core layer thickness. We show that it is possible to tailor the divergence of the lasing emission by varying the number of second order grating periods used for outcoupling.

AB - We demonstrate an evanescently pumped water-based optofluidic DFB laser with a record low pump threshold of ETH = 520 nJ. The low threshold results from an optimized mode shape, which is achieved by a low refractive index substrate, and from the use of a mixed-order DFB grating. Investigating the photonic band structure via angular dispersion analysis both above and below lasing threshold allows us to measure the refractive index of the liquid gain layer and to determine device parameters such as the waveguide core layer thickness. We show that it is possible to tailor the divergence of the lasing emission by varying the number of second order grating periods used for outcoupling.

KW - Distributed feedback (DFB) laser

KW - Optofluidic Lasers

KW - Evanescent laser

KW - Angular dispersion

U2 - 10.1063/1.4954650

DO - 10.1063/1.4954650

M3 - Article

SN - 0003-6951

VL - 108

JO - Applied Physics Letters

JF - Applied Physics Letters

IS - 26

M1 - 261101

ER -

Optofluidic distributed feedback lasers with evanescent pumping: reduced threshold and angular dispersion analysis

Abstract

Keywords

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Projects

Living Lasers: H2020 Marie Curie Fellowship 2014 LIVING LASERS

H2020 ERC Starting Grant ABLASE: H2020 ERC Starting Grant ABLASE (Grant Agreement No. 640012)

Organic Optoelectronics: Organic Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Challenges and Opportunities

Datasets

Data underpinning - Optofluidic Distributed Feedback Lasers with Evanescent Pumping - Reduced Threshold and Angular Dispersion Analysis

Cite this