One-step N₂-dilution technique for calibrating open-circuit VO₂ measuring systems

A simple one-step procedure that eliminates the need to calibrate the O₂ analyzer or measure the flow past the animal is described for calibrating an open-flow respirometry system. The technique is particularly useful for situations of high ambient humidity and for large or active animals where a masks is employed to capture expired gases. A measured N₂ flow is used to calibrate the system. The equations describing the technique are given, and the accuracy of the method is discussed in detail. The errors associated with the technique are compared with those of more conventional procedures and are usually smaller.