OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk

Yuki Hirao; David P. Bennett; Yoon-Hyun Ryu; Naoki Koshimoto; Andrzej Udalski; Jennifer C. Yee; Takahiro Sumi; Ian A. Bond; Yossi Shvartzvald; Fumio Abe; Richard K. Barry; Aparna Bhattacharya; Martin Donachie; Akihiko Fukui; Yoshitaka Itow; Iona Kondo; Man Cheung Alex Li; Yutaka Matsubara; Taro Matsuo; Shota Miyazaki; Yasushi Muraki; Masayuki Nagakane; Clement Ranc; Nicholas J. Rattenbury; Haruno Suematsu; Hiroshi Shibai; Daisuke Suzuki; Paul J. Tristram; Atsunori Yonehara; J. Skowron; R. Poleski; P. Mroz; M. K. Szymanski; I. Soszynski; S. Kozlowski; P. Pietrukowicz; K. Ulaczyk; K. Rybicki; P. Iwanek; Michael D. Albrow; Sun-Ju Chung; Andrew Gould; Cheongho Han; Kyu-Ha Hwang; Youn Kil Jung; In-Gu Shin; Weicheng Zang; Sang-Mok Cha; Dong-Jin Kim; Hyoun-Woo Kim; Seung-Lee Kim; Chung-Uk Lee; Dong-Joo Lee; Yongseok Lee; Byeong-Gon Park; Richard W. Pogge; Charles A. Beichman; Geoffery Bryden; Sebastiano Calchi Novati; Sean Carey; B. Scott Gaudi; Calen B. Henderson; Wei Zhu; Etienne Bachelet; Greg Bolt; Grant Christie; Markus Hundertmark; Tim Natusch; Dan Maoz; Jennie McCormick; Rachel A. Street; Thiam-Guan Tan; Yiannis Tsapras; U. G. Jorgensen; M. Dominik; V. Bozza; J. Skottfelt; C. Snodgrass; S. Ciceri; R. Figuera Jaimes; D. F. Evans; N. Peixinho; T. C. Hinse; M. J. Burgdorf; J. Southworth; S. Rahvar; S. Sajadian; M. Rabus; C. von Essen; Y. I. Fujii; J. Campbell-White; S. Lowry; C. Helling; L. Mancini; L. Haikala; Ryo Kandori

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk

Yuki Hirao, David P. Bennett, Yoon-Hyun Ryu, Naoki Koshimoto, Andrzej Udalski, Jennifer C. Yee, Takahiro Sumi, Ian A. Bond, Yossi Shvartzvald, Fumio Abe, Richard K. Barry, Aparna Bhattacharya, Martin Donachie, Akihiko Fukui, Yoshitaka Itow, Iona Kondo, Man Cheung Alex Li, Yutaka Matsubara, Taro Matsuo, Shota MiyazakiYasushi Muraki, Masayuki Nagakane, Clement Ranc, Nicholas J. Rattenbury, Haruno Suematsu, Hiroshi Shibai, Daisuke Suzuki, Paul J. Tristram, Atsunori Yonehara, J. Skowron, R. Poleski, P. Mroz, M. K. Szymanski, I. Soszynski, S. Kozlowski, P. Pietrukowicz, K. Ulaczyk, K. Rybicki, P. Iwanek, Michael D. Albrow, Sun-Ju Chung, Andrew Gould, Cheongho Han, Kyu-Ha Hwang, Youn Kil Jung, In-Gu Shin, Weicheng Zang, Sang-Mok Cha, Dong-Jin Kim, Hyoun-Woo Kim, Seung-Lee Kim, Chung-Uk Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong-Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, Charles A. Beichman, Geoffery Bryden, Sebastiano Calchi Novati, Sean Carey, B. Scott Gaudi, Calen B. Henderson, Wei Zhu, Etienne Bachelet, Greg Bolt, Grant Christie, Markus Hundertmark, Tim Natusch, Dan Maoz, Jennie McCormick, Rachel A. Street, Thiam-Guan Tan, Yiannis Tsapras, U. G. Jorgensen, M. Dominik, V. Bozza, J. Skottfelt, C. Snodgrass, S. Ciceri, R. Figuera Jaimes, D. F. Evans, N. Peixinho, T. C. Hinse, M. J. Burgdorf, J. Southworth, S. Rahvar, S. Sajadian, M. Rabus, C. von Essen, Y. I. Fujii, J. Campbell-White, S. Lowry, C. Helling, L. Mancini, L. Haikala, Ryo Kandori

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Abstract

We report the discovery and analysis of the planetary microlensing event OGLE-2017-BLG-0406, which was observed both from the ground and by the Spitzer satellite in a solar orbit. At high magnification, the anomaly in the light curve was densely observed by ground-based-survey and follow-up groups, and it was found to be explained by a planetary lens with a planet/host mass ratio of q = 7.0 x 10^-4 from the light-curve modeling. The ground-only and Spitzer-"only" data each provide very strong one-dimensional (1-D) constraints on the 2-D microlens parallax vector π_E. When combined, these yield a precise measurement of π_E, and so of the masses of the host M_host = 0.56 ± 0.07 M⊙ and planet M_planet = 0.41 ± 0.05 M_Jup. The system lies at a distance D_L = 5.2 ± 0.5 kpc from the Sun toward the Galactic bulge, and the host is more likely to be a disk population star according to the kinematics of the lens. The projected separation of the planet from the host is a_⊥ = 3.5 ± 0.3 au, i.e., just over twice the snow line. The Galactic-disk kinematics are established in part from a precise measurement of the source proper motion based on OGLE-IV data. By contrast, the Gaia proper-motion measurement of the source suffers from a catastrophic 10σ error.

Original language	English
Article number	74
Number of pages	20
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	160
Issue number	2
Early online date	23 Jul 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3
Publication status	Published - Aug 2020

Keywords

Gravitational microlensing
Gravitational microlensing exoplanet detection

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10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

Hirao-2020-OGLE-2017-BLG-0406-AstroJ-AAM
Copyright © 2020 American Astronomical Society. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3.
Accepted author manuscript, 7.93 MB

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020arXiv200409067H

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Hirao, Y., Bennett, D. P., Ryu, Y.-H., Koshimoto, N., Udalski, A., Yee, J. C., Sumi, T., Bond, I. A., Shvartzvald, Y., Abe, F., Barry, R. K., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Fukui, A., Itow, Y., Kondo, I., Li, M. C. A., Matsubara, Y., Matsuo, T., ... Kandori, R. (2020). OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk. Astronomical Journal, 160(2), Article 74. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

@article{1dbe3e0eab044de78b0ece8827b3018f,

title = "OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk",

abstract = "We report the discovery and analysis of the planetary microlensing event OGLE-2017-BLG-0406, which was observed both from the ground and by the Spitzer satellite in a solar orbit. At high magnification, the anomaly in the light curve was densely observed by ground-based-survey and follow-up groups, and it was found to be explained by a planetary lens with a planet/host mass ratio of q = 7.0 x 10-4 from the light-curve modeling. The ground-only and Spitzer-{"}only{"} data each provide very strong one-dimensional (1-D) constraints on the 2-D microlens parallax vector πE. When combined, these yield a precise measurement of πE, and so of the masses of the host Mhost = 0.56 ± 0.07 M⊙ and planet Mplanet = 0.41 ± 0.05 MJup. The system lies at a distance DL = 5.2 ± 0.5 kpc from the Sun toward the Galactic bulge, and the host is more likely to be a disk population star according to the kinematics of the lens. The projected separation of the planet from the host is a⊥ = 3.5 ± 0.3 au, i.e., just over twice the snow line. The Galactic-disk kinematics are established in part from a precise measurement of the source proper motion based on OGLE-IV data. By contrast, the Gaia proper-motion measurement of the source suffers from a catastrophic 10σ error.",

keywords = "Gravitational microlensing, Gravitational microlensing exoplanet detection",

author = "Yuki Hirao and Bennett, {David P.} and Yoon-Hyun Ryu and Naoki Koshimoto and Andrzej Udalski and Yee, {Jennifer C.} and Takahiro Sumi and Bond, {Ian A.} and Yossi Shvartzvald and Fumio Abe and Barry, {Richard K.} and Aparna Bhattacharya and Martin Donachie and Akihiko Fukui and Yoshitaka Itow and Iona Kondo and Li, {Man Cheung Alex} and Yutaka Matsubara and Taro Matsuo and Shota Miyazaki and Yasushi Muraki and Masayuki Nagakane and Clement Ranc and Rattenbury, {Nicholas J.} and Haruno Suematsu and Hiroshi Shibai and Daisuke Suzuki and Tristram, {Paul J.} and Atsunori Yonehara and J. Skowron and R. Poleski and P. Mroz and Szymanski, {M. K.} and I. Soszynski and S. Kozlowski and P. Pietrukowicz and K. Ulaczyk and K. Rybicki and P. Iwanek and Albrow, {Michael D.} and Sun-Ju Chung and Andrew Gould and Cheongho Han and Kyu-Ha Hwang and Jung, {Youn Kil} and In-Gu Shin and Weicheng Zang and Sang-Mok Cha and Dong-Jin Kim and Hyoun-Woo Kim and Seung-Lee Kim and Chung-Uk Lee and Dong-Joo Lee and Yongseok Lee and Byeong-Gon Park and Pogge, {Richard W.} and Beichman, {Charles A.} and Geoffery Bryden and {Calchi Novati}, Sebastiano and Sean Carey and Gaudi, {B. Scott} and Henderson, {Calen B.} and Wei Zhu and Etienne Bachelet and Greg Bolt and Grant Christie and Markus Hundertmark and Tim Natusch and Dan Maoz and Jennie McCormick and Street, {Rachel A.} and Thiam-Guan Tan and Yiannis Tsapras and Jorgensen, {U. G.} and M. Dominik and V. Bozza and J. Skottfelt and C. Snodgrass and S. Ciceri and {Figuera Jaimes}, R. and Evans, {D. F.} and N. Peixinho and Hinse, {T. C.} and Burgdorf, {M. J.} and J. Southworth and S. Rahvar and S. Sajadian and M. Rabus and {von Essen}, C. and Fujii, {Y. I.} and J. Campbell-White and S. Lowry and C. Helling and L. Mancini and L. Haikala and Ryo Kandori",

note = "Funding: Work by Y.H. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17J02146. DPB, AB, and CR were supported by NASA through grant NASA-80NSSC18K0274. Work by N.K. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP18J00897. Work by AG was supported by AST-1516842 from the US NSF and by JPL grant 1500811. AG received support from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC Grant Agreement n.[321035]. Work by C.H. was supported by the grants of the National Research Foundation of Korea (2017R1A4A1015178 and 2019R1A2C2085965). YT acknowledges the support of DFG priority program SPP 1992 ”Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets” (WA 1047/11-1).",

year = "2020",

month = aug,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3",

language = "English",

volume = "160",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Hirao, Y, Bennett, DP, Ryu, Y-H, Koshimoto, N, Udalski, A, Yee, JC, Sumi, T, Bond, IA, Shvartzvald, Y, Abe, F, Barry, RK, Bhattacharya, A, Donachie, M, Fukui, A, Itow, Y, Kondo, I, Li, MCA, Matsubara, Y, Matsuo, T, Miyazaki, S, Muraki, Y, Nagakane, M, Ranc, C, Rattenbury, NJ, Suematsu, H, Shibai, H, Suzuki, D, Tristram, PJ, Yonehara, A, Skowron, J, Poleski, R, Mroz, P, Szymanski, MK, Soszynski, I, Kozlowski, S, Pietrukowicz, P, Ulaczyk, K, Rybicki, K, Iwanek, P, Albrow, MD, Chung, S-J, Gould, A, Han, C, Hwang, K-H, Jung, YK, Shin, I-G, Zang, W, Cha, S-M, Kim, D-J, Kim, H-W, Kim, S-L, Lee, C-U, Lee, D-J, Lee, Y, Park, B-G, Pogge, RW, Beichman, CA, Bryden, G, Calchi Novati, S, Carey, S, Gaudi, BS, Henderson, CB, Zhu, W, Bachelet, E, Bolt, G, Christie, G, Hundertmark, M, Natusch, T, Maoz, D, McCormick, J, Street, RA, Tan, T-G, Tsapras, Y, Jorgensen, UG, Dominik, M, Bozza, V, Skottfelt, J, Snodgrass, C, Ciceri, S, Figuera Jaimes, R, Evans, DF, Peixinho, N, Hinse, TC, Burgdorf, MJ, Southworth, J, Rahvar, S, Sajadian, S, Rabus, M, von Essen, C, Fujii, YI, Campbell-White, J, Lowry, S, Helling, C, Mancini, L, Haikala, L & Kandori, R 2020, 'OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk', Astronomical Journal, vol. 160, no. 2, 74. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

TY - JOUR

T1 - OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk

AU - Hirao, Yuki

AU - Bennett, David P.

AU - Ryu, Yoon-Hyun

AU - Koshimoto, Naoki

AU - Udalski, Andrzej

AU - Yee, Jennifer C.

AU - Sumi, Takahiro

AU - Bond, Ian A.

AU - Shvartzvald, Yossi

AU - Abe, Fumio

AU - Barry, Richard K.

AU - Bhattacharya, Aparna

AU - Donachie, Martin

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Itow, Yoshitaka

AU - Kondo, Iona

AU - Li, Man Cheung Alex

AU - Matsubara, Yutaka

AU - Matsuo, Taro

AU - Miyazaki, Shota

AU - Muraki, Yasushi

AU - Nagakane, Masayuki

AU - Ranc, Clement

AU - Rattenbury, Nicholas J.

AU - Suematsu, Haruno

AU - Shibai, Hiroshi

AU - Suzuki, Daisuke

AU - Tristram, Paul J.

AU - Yonehara, Atsunori

AU - Skowron, J.

AU - Poleski, R.

AU - Mroz, P.

AU - Szymanski, M. K.

AU - Soszynski, I.

AU - Kozlowski, S.

AU - Pietrukowicz, P.

AU - Ulaczyk, K.

AU - Rybicki, K.

AU - Iwanek, P.

AU - Albrow, Michael D.

AU - Chung, Sun-Ju

AU - Gould, Andrew

AU - Han, Cheongho

AU - Hwang, Kyu-Ha

AU - Jung, Youn Kil

AU - Shin, In-Gu

AU - Zang, Weicheng

AU - Cha, Sang-Mok

AU - Kim, Dong-Jin

AU - Kim, Hyoun-Woo

AU - Kim, Seung-Lee

AU - Lee, Chung-Uk

AU - Lee, Dong-Joo

AU - Lee, Yongseok

AU - Park, Byeong-Gon

AU - Pogge, Richard W.

AU - Beichman, Charles A.

AU - Bryden, Geoffery

AU - Calchi Novati, Sebastiano

AU - Carey, Sean

AU - Gaudi, B. Scott

AU - Henderson, Calen B.

AU - Zhu, Wei

AU - Bachelet, Etienne

AU - Bolt, Greg

AU - Christie, Grant

AU - Hundertmark, Markus

AU - Natusch, Tim

AU - Maoz, Dan

AU - McCormick, Jennie

AU - Street, Rachel A.

AU - Tan, Thiam-Guan

AU - Tsapras, Yiannis

AU - Jorgensen, U. G.

AU - Dominik, M.

AU - Bozza, V.

AU - Skottfelt, J.

AU - Snodgrass, C.

AU - Ciceri, S.

AU - Figuera Jaimes, R.

AU - Evans, D. F.

AU - Peixinho, N.

AU - Hinse, T. C.

AU - Burgdorf, M. J.

AU - Southworth, J.

AU - Rahvar, S.

AU - Sajadian, S.

AU - Rabus, M.

AU - von Essen, C.

AU - Fujii, Y. I.

AU - Campbell-White, J.

AU - Lowry, S.

AU - Helling, C.

AU - Mancini, L.

AU - Haikala, L.

AU - Kandori, Ryo

N1 - Funding: Work by Y.H. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17J02146. DPB, AB, and CR were supported by NASA through grant NASA-80NSSC18K0274. Work by N.K. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP18J00897. Work by AG was supported by AST-1516842 from the US NSF and by JPL grant 1500811. AG received support from the European Research Council under the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC Grant Agreement n.[321035]. Work by C.H. was supported by the grants of the National Research Foundation of Korea (2017R1A4A1015178 and 2019R1A2C2085965). YT acknowledges the support of DFG priority program SPP 1992 ”Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets” (WA 1047/11-1).

PY - 2020/8

Y1 - 2020/8

N2 - We report the discovery and analysis of the planetary microlensing event OGLE-2017-BLG-0406, which was observed both from the ground and by the Spitzer satellite in a solar orbit. At high magnification, the anomaly in the light curve was densely observed by ground-based-survey and follow-up groups, and it was found to be explained by a planetary lens with a planet/host mass ratio of q = 7.0 x 10-4 from the light-curve modeling. The ground-only and Spitzer-"only" data each provide very strong one-dimensional (1-D) constraints on the 2-D microlens parallax vector πE. When combined, these yield a precise measurement of πE, and so of the masses of the host Mhost = 0.56 ± 0.07 M⊙ and planet Mplanet = 0.41 ± 0.05 MJup. The system lies at a distance DL = 5.2 ± 0.5 kpc from the Sun toward the Galactic bulge, and the host is more likely to be a disk population star according to the kinematics of the lens. The projected separation of the planet from the host is a⊥ = 3.5 ± 0.3 au, i.e., just over twice the snow line. The Galactic-disk kinematics are established in part from a precise measurement of the source proper motion based on OGLE-IV data. By contrast, the Gaia proper-motion measurement of the source suffers from a catastrophic 10σ error.

AB - We report the discovery and analysis of the planetary microlensing event OGLE-2017-BLG-0406, which was observed both from the ground and by the Spitzer satellite in a solar orbit. At high magnification, the anomaly in the light curve was densely observed by ground-based-survey and follow-up groups, and it was found to be explained by a planetary lens with a planet/host mass ratio of q = 7.0 x 10-4 from the light-curve modeling. The ground-only and Spitzer-"only" data each provide very strong one-dimensional (1-D) constraints on the 2-D microlens parallax vector πE. When combined, these yield a precise measurement of πE, and so of the masses of the host Mhost = 0.56 ± 0.07 M⊙ and planet Mplanet = 0.41 ± 0.05 MJup. The system lies at a distance DL = 5.2 ± 0.5 kpc from the Sun toward the Galactic bulge, and the host is more likely to be a disk population star according to the kinematics of the lens. The projected separation of the planet from the host is a⊥ = 3.5 ± 0.3 au, i.e., just over twice the snow line. The Galactic-disk kinematics are established in part from a precise measurement of the source proper motion based on OGLE-IV data. By contrast, the Gaia proper-motion measurement of the source suffers from a catastrophic 10σ error.

KW - Gravitational microlensing

KW - Gravitational microlensing exoplanet detection

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ac3

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 160

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 74

ER -

OGLE-2017-BLG-0406: Spitzer microlens parallax reveals Saturn-mass planet orbiting M-dwarf host in the inner galactic disk

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