Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

Maxim Makhonin; Anthonin Delphan; Kok Wee Song; Paul Walker; Tommi Isoniemi; Peter Claronino; Konstantinos Orfanakis; Sai Kiran Rajendran; Hamid Ohadi; Julian Heckötter; Marc Assmann; Manfred Bayer; Alexander Tartakovskii; Maurice Skolnick; Oleksandr Kyriienko; Dmitry Krizhanovskii

doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9

Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu₂O microcavities

Maxim Makhonin^*, Anthonin Delphan, Kok Wee Song, Paul Walker, Tommi Isoniemi, Peter Claronino, Konstantinos Orfanakis, Sai Kiran Rajendran, Hamid Ohadi, Julian Heckötter, Marc Assmann, Manfred Bayer, Alexander Tartakovskii, Maurice Skolnick, Oleksandr Kyriienko, Dmitry Krizhanovskii

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Rydberg excitons (analogues of Rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems) are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii. The interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity, with applications in sensing and quantum information processing. Here, we achieve strong effective photon-photon interactions (Kerr-like optical nonlinearity) via the Rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu₂O-filled microresonators. Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density. Theoretical analysis shows that the Rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as ∝ n^{4.4 ± 1.8} for principal quantum numbers up to n = 7. Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high Rydberg optical nonlinearities, which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly-correlated photonic (polaritonic) states in a solid state system.

Original language	English
Article number	47
Number of pages	9
Journal	Light: Science & Applications
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9
Publication status	Published - 6 Feb 2024

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http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024arXiv240102868M

1 Finished
1 Active

Perovskite dipolaritons for room tempera: Perovskite Dipolaritons for Room Temperature Quantum Applications
Ohadi, H. (PI)
The Leverhulme Trust
2/01/23 → 1/01/26
Project: Standard
Rydberg polaritons in Cu2O microcavities: Rydberg polaritons in Cu2O microcavities
Ohadi, H. (PI)
EPSRC
15/01/19 → 14/01/21
Project: Standard

Cite this

Makhonin, M., Delphan, A., Song, K. W., Walker, P., Isoniemi, T., Claronino, P., Orfanakis, K., Rajendran, S. K., Ohadi, H., Heckötter, J., Assmann, M., Bayer, M., Tartakovskii, A., Skolnick, M., Kyriienko, O., & Krizhanovskii, D. (2024). Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu₂O microcavities. Light: Science & Applications, 13(1), Article 47. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9

@article{2fa08e905dcb4343b494ffdd9886d634,

title = "Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities",

abstract = "Rydberg excitons (analogues of Rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems) are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii. The interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity, with applications in sensing and quantum information processing. Here, we achieve strong effective photon-photon interactions (Kerr-like optical nonlinearity) via the Rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu2O-filled microresonators. Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density. Theoretical analysis shows that the Rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as ∝ n4.4 ± 1.8 for principal quantum numbers up to n = 7. Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high Rydberg optical nonlinearities, which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly-correlated photonic (polaritonic) states in a solid state system.",

author = "Maxim Makhonin and Anthonin Delphan and Song, {Kok Wee} and Paul Walker and Tommi Isoniemi and Peter Claronino and Konstantinos Orfanakis and Rajendran, {Sai Kiran} and Hamid Ohadi and Julian Heck{\"o}tter and Marc Assmann and Manfred Bayer and Alexander Tartakovskii and Maurice Skolnick and Oleksandr Kyriienko and Dmitry Krizhanovskii",

note = "Funding; We acknowledge UK EPSRC grants EP/V026496/1, EP/S014403/1 and EP/S030751/1. OK and KWS acknowledge UK EPSRC grants EP/V00171X/1 and EP/X017222/1, and NATO SPS project MYP.G5860. HO acknowledges The Leverhulme Trust (Agreement No. RPG-2022-188).",

year = "2024",

month = feb,

day = "6",

doi = "10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9",

language = "English",

volume = "13",

journal = "Light: Science & Applications",

issn = "2047-7538",

publisher = "Nature publishing group",

number = "1",

}

Makhonin, M, Delphan, A, Song, KW, Walker, P, Isoniemi, T, Claronino, P, Orfanakis, K, Rajendran, SK , Ohadi, H, Heckötter, J, Assmann, M, Bayer, M, Tartakovskii, A, Skolnick, M, Kyriienko, O & Krizhanovskii, D 2024, 'Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu₂O microcavities', Light: Science & Applications, vol. 13, no. 1, 47. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

AU - Makhonin, Maxim

AU - Delphan, Anthonin

AU - Song, Kok Wee

AU - Walker, Paul

AU - Isoniemi, Tommi

AU - Claronino, Peter

AU - Orfanakis, Konstantinos

AU - Rajendran, Sai Kiran

AU - Ohadi, Hamid

AU - Heckötter, Julian

AU - Assmann, Marc

AU - Bayer, Manfred

AU - Tartakovskii, Alexander

AU - Skolnick, Maurice

AU - Kyriienko, Oleksandr

AU - Krizhanovskii, Dmitry

N1 - Funding; We acknowledge UK EPSRC grants EP/V026496/1, EP/S014403/1 and EP/S030751/1. OK and KWS acknowledge UK EPSRC grants EP/V00171X/1 and EP/X017222/1, and NATO SPS project MYP.G5860. HO acknowledges The Leverhulme Trust (Agreement No. RPG-2022-188).

PY - 2024/2/6

Y1 - 2024/2/6

N2 - Rydberg excitons (analogues of Rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems) are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii. The interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity, with applications in sensing and quantum information processing. Here, we achieve strong effective photon-photon interactions (Kerr-like optical nonlinearity) via the Rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu2O-filled microresonators. Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density. Theoretical analysis shows that the Rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as ∝ n4.4 ± 1.8 for principal quantum numbers up to n = 7. Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high Rydberg optical nonlinearities, which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly-correlated photonic (polaritonic) states in a solid state system.

AB - Rydberg excitons (analogues of Rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems) are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii. The interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity, with applications in sensing and quantum information processing. Here, we achieve strong effective photon-photon interactions (Kerr-like optical nonlinearity) via the Rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu2O-filled microresonators. Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density. Theoretical analysis shows that the Rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as ∝ n4.4 ± 1.8 for principal quantum numbers up to n = 7. Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high Rydberg optical nonlinearities, which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly-correlated photonic (polaritonic) states in a solid state system.

U2 - 10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9

DO - 10.1038/s41377-024-01382-9

M3 - Article

C2 - 38320987

SN - 2047-7538

VL - 13

JO - Light: Science & Applications

JF - Light: Science & Applications

IS - 1

M1 - 47

ER -

Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

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Perovskite dipolaritons for room tempera: Perovskite Dipolaritons for Room Temperature Quantum Applications

Rydberg polaritons in Cu2O microcavities: Rydberg polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

Cite this

Nonlinear Rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu₂O microcavities