Multiple Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Barium Titanate

Hongquan Zhan; Xianfeng Yang; Chaomin Wang; Jian Chen; Yuping Wen; Chaolun Liang; Heather F. Greer; Mingmei Wu; Wuzong Zhou

doi:10.1021/cg201259u

Multiple Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Barium Titanate

Hongquan Zhan, Xianfeng Yang, Chaomin Wang, Jian Chen, Yuping Wen, Chaolun Liang, Heather F. Greer, Mingmei Wu, Wuzong Zhou

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Crystal growth of cubic BaTiO3 in the presence of polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) is investigated step by step using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Titanium precursor Ti(OC4H9)(4) aggregates with PEG to form spherical colloidal particles at the very beginning. Multiple nucleation of BaTiO3 takes place on the surface of these colloidal particles. The nanocrystallites then self-adjust their orientations likely under dipole-dipole interaction and/or inter-crystallite interactions enhanced by surface adsorbed polymers, followed by an orientated connection and crystal extension via an Ostwald ripening process. The final BaTiO3 crystals have a novel dodecahedral morphology. The formation mechanism is proposed to be attributed to the selective adsorption of PEG molecules on the {110} crystal planes, significantly reducing the crystal growth rate on these surfaces. A kinetic model is proposed based on the calculated crystallite size using the Scherrer equation. The physical meaning of the model and a significant fake reduction of the crystallite size is discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1247-1253
Number of pages	7
Journal	Crystal Growth & Design
Volume	12
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/cg201259u
Publication status	Published - Mar 2012

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title = "Multiple Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Barium Titanate",

abstract = "Crystal growth of cubic BaTiO3 in the presence of polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) is investigated step by step using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Titanium precursor Ti(OC4H9)(4) aggregates with PEG to form spherical colloidal particles at the very beginning. Multiple nucleation of BaTiO3 takes place on the surface of these colloidal particles. The nanocrystallites then self-adjust their orientations likely under dipole-dipole interaction and/or inter-crystallite interactions enhanced by surface adsorbed polymers, followed by an orientated connection and crystal extension via an Ostwald ripening process. The final BaTiO3 crystals have a novel dodecahedral morphology. The formation mechanism is proposed to be attributed to the selective adsorption of PEG molecules on the {110} crystal planes, significantly reducing the crystal growth rate on these surfaces. A kinetic model is proposed based on the calculated crystallite size using the Scherrer equation. The physical meaning of the model and a significant fake reduction of the crystallite size is discussed.",

author = "Hongquan Zhan and Xianfeng Yang and Chaomin Wang and Jian Chen and Yuping Wen and Chaolun Liang and Greer, {Heather F.} and Mingmei Wu and Wuzong Zhou",

year = "2012",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1021/cg201259u",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

pages = "1247--1253",

journal = "Crystal Growth & Design",

issn = "1528-7483",

publisher = "American Chemical Society (ACS)",

number = "3",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Multiple Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Barium Titanate

AU - Zhan, Hongquan

AU - Yang, Xianfeng

AU - Wang, Chaomin

AU - Chen, Jian

AU - Wen, Yuping

AU - Liang, Chaolun

AU - Greer, Heather F.

AU - Wu, Mingmei

AU - Zhou, Wuzong

PY - 2012/3

Y1 - 2012/3

N2 - Crystal growth of cubic BaTiO3 in the presence of polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) is investigated step by step using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Titanium precursor Ti(OC4H9)(4) aggregates with PEG to form spherical colloidal particles at the very beginning. Multiple nucleation of BaTiO3 takes place on the surface of these colloidal particles. The nanocrystallites then self-adjust their orientations likely under dipole-dipole interaction and/or inter-crystallite interactions enhanced by surface adsorbed polymers, followed by an orientated connection and crystal extension via an Ostwald ripening process. The final BaTiO3 crystals have a novel dodecahedral morphology. The formation mechanism is proposed to be attributed to the selective adsorption of PEG molecules on the {110} crystal planes, significantly reducing the crystal growth rate on these surfaces. A kinetic model is proposed based on the calculated crystallite size using the Scherrer equation. The physical meaning of the model and a significant fake reduction of the crystallite size is discussed.

AB - Crystal growth of cubic BaTiO3 in the presence of polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) is investigated step by step using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Titanium precursor Ti(OC4H9)(4) aggregates with PEG to form spherical colloidal particles at the very beginning. Multiple nucleation of BaTiO3 takes place on the surface of these colloidal particles. The nanocrystallites then self-adjust their orientations likely under dipole-dipole interaction and/or inter-crystallite interactions enhanced by surface adsorbed polymers, followed by an orientated connection and crystal extension via an Ostwald ripening process. The final BaTiO3 crystals have a novel dodecahedral morphology. The formation mechanism is proposed to be attributed to the selective adsorption of PEG molecules on the {110} crystal planes, significantly reducing the crystal growth rate on these surfaces. A kinetic model is proposed based on the calculated crystallite size using the Scherrer equation. The physical meaning of the model and a significant fake reduction of the crystallite size is discussed.

U2 - 10.1021/cg201259u

DO - 10.1021/cg201259u

M3 - Article

SN - 1528-7483

VL - 12

SP - 1247

EP - 1253

JO - Crystal Growth & Design

JF - Crystal Growth & Design

IS - 3

ER -

Multiple Nucleation and Crystal Growth of Barium Titanate

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