Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis

Ketolly Natanne da Silva Leal; Ana B. S. da Silva; Elisânia K. B. Fonseca; Olívia Brito de Oliveira Moreira; Lúcio M. de Lemos; Marcone A. L. de Oliviera; Alan J. Stewart; Marco A. Z. Arruda

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557

Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis

Ketolly Natanne da Silva Leal, Ana B. S. da Silva, Elisânia K. B. Fonseca, Olívia Brito de Oliveira Moreira, Lúcio M. de Lemos, Marcone A. L. de Oliviera, Alan J. Stewart, Marco A. Z. Arruda^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background Metal ions perform important functions in the body and their concentrations in cells and tissues are tightly controlled. Alterations in metal homeostasis can occur in certain disease states including infection. In this study urinary excretion of several metals including calcium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, nickel, selenium, and zinc in Covid-19 patients (n=35) and control (n=60) individuals, spanning ages and sexes.

Methods Urinary samples were analysed using ICP-MS and the differences in metal concentrations between the Covid-19-infected and control groups were assessed using multivariate data analysis and univariate data analysis employing Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.

Results The urinary concentrations of all metals analysed were significantly higher in the Covid-infected group (compared to controls), with the exception of copper, which was markedly reduced. The increase in calcium excretion was lower and magnesium excretion greater in Covid-19-positive individuals aged 41 or over compared to those aged 40 or lower. Whilst the increase in iron excretion was lower, and cobalt excretion greater in Covid-19-positive males compared to females.

Conclusions The study highlights significant alterations in the handling of a range of metals in the body during Covid-19 infection. It also highlights both age and sex-specific differences in metal homeostasis. The results suggest an important role for copper in the body during Covid-19 infection and suggests that urinary concentrations of copper and other metals may serve as markers to predict progression of the disease.

Original language	English
Article number	127557
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
Volume	86
Early online date	4 Nov 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557
Publication status	Published - Dec 2024

Keywords

Infectious
Covid-19
Trace elements
Inorganic metals
Level changes
Disease predictors

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Copyright © 2024 the Authors. This work has been made available online in accordance with the University of St Andrews Open Access policy. This accepted manuscript is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557.
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da Silva Leal, K. N., da Silva, A. B. S., Fonseca, E. K. B., de Oliveira Moreira, O. B., de Lemos, L. M., de Oliviera, M. A. L., Stewart, A. J., & Arruda, M. A. Z. (2024). Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 86, Article 127557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557

@article{e572a77733e04fc7aa67e71c15a232c1,

title = "Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis",

abstract = "Background Metal ions perform important functions in the body and their concentrations in cells and tissues are tightly controlled. Alterations in metal homeostasis can occur in certain disease states including infection. In this study urinary excretion of several metals including calcium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, nickel, selenium, and zinc in Covid-19 patients (n=35) and control (n=60) individuals, spanning ages and sexes.Methods Urinary samples were analysed using ICP-MS and the differences in metal concentrations between the Covid-19-infected and control groups were assessed using multivariate data analysis and univariate data analysis employing Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.Results The urinary concentrations of all metals analysed were significantly higher in the Covid-infected group (compared to controls), with the exception of copper, which was markedly reduced. The increase in calcium excretion was lower and magnesium excretion greater in Covid-19-positive individuals aged 41 or over compared to those aged 40 or lower. Whilst the increase in iron excretion was lower, and cobalt excretion greater in Covid-19-positive males compared to females.Conclusions The study highlights significant alterations in the handling of a range of metals in the body during Covid-19 infection. It also highlights both age and sex-specific differences in metal homeostasis. The results suggest an important role for copper in the body during Covid-19 infection and suggests that urinary concentrations of copper and other metals may serve as markers to predict progression of the disease.",

keywords = "Infectious, Covid-19, Trace elements, Inorganic metals, Level changes, Disease predictors",

author = "{da Silva Leal}, {Ketolly Natanne} and {da Silva}, {Ana B. S.} and Fonseca, {Elis{\^a}nia K. B.} and {de Oliveira Moreira}, {Ol{\'i}via Brito} and {de Lemos}, {L{\'u}cio M.} and {de Oliviera}, {Marcone A. L.} and Stewart, {Alan J.} and Arruda, {Marco A. Z.}",

note = "Funding: This work was financial supported by Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado de S{\~a}o Paulo (FAPESP 2014/50867-3, 2017/26131-5, 2018/25207-0, 2019/24445-8, 2020/06934-9, and 2020/08543-7), Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG APQ-00585-21), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico (CNPq 303231/2020-3, 465389/2014-7, 401256/2020-0, and the scholarchips CNPq 142502/2020-0 and SWE-CNPq 425 200475/2022-3).",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557",

language = "English",

volume = "86",

journal = "Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology",

issn = "0946-672X",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

da Silva Leal, KN, da Silva, ABS, Fonseca, EKB, de Oliveira Moreira, OB, de Lemos, LM, de Oliviera, MAL, Stewart, AJ & Arruda, MAZ 2024, 'Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis', Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, vol. 86, 127557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557

TY - JOUR

T1 - Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis

AU - da Silva Leal, Ketolly Natanne

AU - da Silva, Ana B. S.

AU - Fonseca, Elisânia K. B.

AU - de Oliveira Moreira, Olívia Brito

AU - de Lemos, Lúcio M.

AU - de Oliviera, Marcone A. L.

AU - Stewart, Alan J.

AU - Arruda, Marco A. Z.

N1 - Funding: This work was financial supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2014/50867-3, 2017/26131-5, 2018/25207-0, 2019/24445-8, 2020/06934-9, and 2020/08543-7), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG APQ-00585-21), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 303231/2020-3, 465389/2014-7, 401256/2020-0, and the scholarchips CNPq 142502/2020-0 and SWE-CNPq 425 200475/2022-3).

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - Background Metal ions perform important functions in the body and their concentrations in cells and tissues are tightly controlled. Alterations in metal homeostasis can occur in certain disease states including infection. In this study urinary excretion of several metals including calcium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, nickel, selenium, and zinc in Covid-19 patients (n=35) and control (n=60) individuals, spanning ages and sexes.Methods Urinary samples were analysed using ICP-MS and the differences in metal concentrations between the Covid-19-infected and control groups were assessed using multivariate data analysis and univariate data analysis employing Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.Results The urinary concentrations of all metals analysed were significantly higher in the Covid-infected group (compared to controls), with the exception of copper, which was markedly reduced. The increase in calcium excretion was lower and magnesium excretion greater in Covid-19-positive individuals aged 41 or over compared to those aged 40 or lower. Whilst the increase in iron excretion was lower, and cobalt excretion greater in Covid-19-positive males compared to females.Conclusions The study highlights significant alterations in the handling of a range of metals in the body during Covid-19 infection. It also highlights both age and sex-specific differences in metal homeostasis. The results suggest an important role for copper in the body during Covid-19 infection and suggests that urinary concentrations of copper and other metals may serve as markers to predict progression of the disease.

AB - Background Metal ions perform important functions in the body and their concentrations in cells and tissues are tightly controlled. Alterations in metal homeostasis can occur in certain disease states including infection. In this study urinary excretion of several metals including calcium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, nickel, selenium, and zinc in Covid-19 patients (n=35) and control (n=60) individuals, spanning ages and sexes.Methods Urinary samples were analysed using ICP-MS and the differences in metal concentrations between the Covid-19-infected and control groups were assessed using multivariate data analysis and univariate data analysis employing Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation, with significance set at p<0.05.Results The urinary concentrations of all metals analysed were significantly higher in the Covid-infected group (compared to controls), with the exception of copper, which was markedly reduced. The increase in calcium excretion was lower and magnesium excretion greater in Covid-19-positive individuals aged 41 or over compared to those aged 40 or lower. Whilst the increase in iron excretion was lower, and cobalt excretion greater in Covid-19-positive males compared to females.Conclusions The study highlights significant alterations in the handling of a range of metals in the body during Covid-19 infection. It also highlights both age and sex-specific differences in metal homeostasis. The results suggest an important role for copper in the body during Covid-19 infection and suggests that urinary concentrations of copper and other metals may serve as markers to predict progression of the disease.

KW - Infectious

KW - Covid-19

KW - Trace elements

KW - Inorganic metals

KW - Level changes

KW - Disease predictors

U2 - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557

DO - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127557

M3 - Article

SN - 0946-672X

VL - 86

JO - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

JF - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

M1 - 127557

ER -

Metallomic analysis of urine from individuals with and without Covid-19 infection reveals extensive alterations in metal homeostasis

Abstract

Keywords

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