Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates

R. A.  Bailey

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13

Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates

R. A. Bailey^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

In the 1920s, R. A. Fisher, at Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden, recommended Latin squares for agricultural crop experiments. Frank Yates became his assistant in 1931, and head of Statistics when Fisher left two years later.

In the early 1930s, Fisher and Yates developed sets of mutually orthogonal Latin squares (MOLS). They also introduced what are effectively the duals of finite Abelian groups for the construction of designs for factorial experiments.

In 1938, Fisher and Yates published their famous Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research (STBAMR). In the same year, R. C. Bose published what became the standard method of constructing both factorial designs and mutually orthogonal Latin squares, using finite fields.

In 1942, Fisher pointed out that the complete set of 9 × 9 MOLS in STBAMR is not isomorphic to that constructed by Bose. The explanation in STBAMR shows how they are constructed from an elementary Abelian group.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Research in history and philosophy of mathematics
Subtitle of host publication	the CSHPM 2021 volume
Editors	Maria Zack, David Waszek
Place of Publication	Cham
Publisher	Birkhäuser
Pages	213-233
Number of pages	21
ISBN (Electronic)	9783031214943
ISBN (Print)	9783031214936, 9783031214967
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13
Publication status	Published - 12 May 2023
Event	Joint Meeting of the British Society for the History of Mathematics and the Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Mathematics - University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom Duration: 12 Jul 2021 → 16 Sept 2021 http://www.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/bshm-cshpm/index.shtml

Publication series

Name	Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques
ISSN (Print)	2662-8503
ISSN (Electronic)	2662-8511

Conference

Conference	Joint Meeting of the British Society for the History of Mathematics and the Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Mathematics
Country/Territory	United Kingdom
City	St Andrews
Period	12/07/21 → 16/09/21
Internet address	http://www.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/bshm-cshpm/index.shtml

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13

Cite this

Bailey, R. A. (2023). Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates. In M. Zack, & D. Waszek (Eds.), Research in history and philosophy of mathematics: the CSHPM 2021 volume (pp. 213-233). (Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques). Birkhäuser. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13

Bailey, R. A. . / Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates. Research in history and philosophy of mathematics: the CSHPM 2021 volume. editor / Maria Zack ; David Waszek. Cham : Birkhäuser, 2023. pp. 213-233 (Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques).

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abstract = "In the 1920s, R. A. Fisher, at Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden, recommended Latin squares for agricultural crop experiments. Frank Yates became his assistant in 1931, and head of Statistics when Fisher left two years later.In the early 1930s, Fisher and Yates developed sets of mutually orthogonal Latin squares (MOLS). They also introduced what are effectively the duals of finite Abelian groups for the construction of designs for factorial experiments.In 1938, Fisher and Yates published their famous Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research (STBAMR). In the same year, R. C. Bose published what became the standard method of constructing both factorial designs and mutually orthogonal Latin squares, using finite fields.In 1942, Fisher pointed out that the complete set of 9 × 9 MOLS in STBAMR is not isomorphic to that constructed by Bose. The explanation in STBAMR shows how they are constructed from an elementary Abelian group.",

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Bailey, RA 2023, Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates. in M Zack & D Waszek (eds), Research in history and philosophy of mathematics: the CSHPM 2021 volume. Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques, Birkhäuser, Cham, pp. 213-233, Joint Meeting of the British Society for the History of Mathematics and the Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Mathematics, St Andrews, United Kingdom, 12/07/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13

Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates. / Bailey, R. A. .
Research in history and philosophy of mathematics: the CSHPM 2021 volume. ed. / Maria Zack; David Waszek. Cham: Birkhäuser, 2023. p. 213-233 (Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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Bailey RA. Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates. In Zack M, Waszek D, editors, Research in history and philosophy of mathematics: the CSHPM 2021 volume. Cham: Birkhäuser. 2023. p. 213-233. (Annals of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics/ Société canadienne d’histoire et de philosophie des mathématiques). Epub 2022 Nov 14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-21494-3_13

Latin squares at Rothamsted in the time of Fisher and Yates

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