Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil

Despoina Papargyriou; Emmanouil Broumidis; Matthew de Vere-Tucker; Stelios Gavrielides; Paul Hilditch; John T.S. Irvine; Alfredo D. Bonaccorso

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124

Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil

Despoina Papargyriou, Emmanouil Broumidis, Matthew de Vere-Tucker, Stelios Gavrielides, Paul Hilditch, John T.S. Irvine, Alfredo D. Bonaccorso

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A series of composite CaO-Ca₃Al₂O₆ mixed oxides were investigated as potential catalysts for biodiesel synthesis from waste fish oil. Different Ca/Al ratios, in the range of 1.5 to 6 were studied, alongside pure CaO. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and CO₂-Temperature Program Desorption (TPD). The catalytic activity of the materials was studied for the transesterification reaction of cod liver oil with methanol at 65 °C, with 1:12 oil to methanol molar ratio and 10 wt% of catalyst. Over 97% conversion of the triglycerides to methyl esters was achieved for the 6Ca/Al catalyst after 2 h reaction time. This was similar to the performance of CaO. However, 6Ca/Al catalyst was reused successfully for seven consecutive tests, in contrast to CaO that was reused for only five tests, before it deactivated. Therefore, by incorporating the Ca₃Al₂O₆, it was possible to enhance the stability of the catalytically active species and improve the lifetime of the catalyst. Post-test catalyst characterisation showed the formation of an intermediate phase (calcium diglyceroxide) that enhanced the catalyst’s performance and tolerance to air exposure and humidity. Finally, the catalyst deactivation, after seven cycles, took place due to the formation of Ca(OH)₂ and CaCO₃ species.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	661-669
Number of pages	9
Journal	Renewable Energy
Volume	139
Early online date	23 Feb 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124
Publication status	Published - Aug 2019

Keywords

Biodiesel
Heterogeneous catalyst
Waste fish oil
Transesterification reaction

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10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124

Papargyriou_2019_RE_solidbase_AAM
Copyright © 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This work has been made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124
Accepted author manuscript, 1.72 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

CRITICAT CDT: Critical Resource Catalysis - CRITICAT
Smith, A. D. (PI), Nolan, S. P. (CoI) & Westwood, N. J. (CoI)
EPSRC
1/05/14 → 31/10/22
Project: Standard

Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil (dataset)
Papargyriou, D. (Creator), Broumidis, E. (Creator), De Vere-Tucker, M. (Creator), Gavrielides, S. (Creator), Hilditch, P. (Creator), Irvine, J. T. S. (Creator) & Bonaccorso, A. D. (Creator), University of St Andrews, 22 Mar 2019
DOI: 10.17630/81a3a656-4624-4dc1-80c2-7b4b5ae4744d
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title = "Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil",

abstract = "A series of composite CaO-Ca3Al2O6 mixed oxides were investigated as potential catalysts for biodiesel synthesis from waste fish oil. Different Ca/Al ratios, in the range of 1.5 to 6 were studied, alongside pure CaO. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and CO2-Temperature Program Desorption (TPD). The catalytic activity of the materials was studied for the transesterification reaction of cod liver oil with methanol at 65 °C, with 1:12 oil to methanol molar ratio and 10 wt% of catalyst. Over 97% conversion of the triglycerides to methyl esters was achieved for the 6Ca/Al catalyst after 2 h reaction time. This was similar to the performance of CaO. However, 6Ca/Al catalyst was reused successfully for seven consecutive tests, in contrast to CaO that was reused for only five tests, before it deactivated. Therefore, by incorporating the Ca3Al2O6, it was possible to enhance the stability of the catalytically active species and improve the lifetime of the catalyst. Post-test catalyst characterisation showed the formation of an intermediate phase (calcium diglyceroxide) that enhanced the catalyst{\textquoteright}s performance and tolerance to air exposure and humidity. Finally, the catalyst deactivation, after seven cycles, took place due to the formation of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 species.",

keywords = "Biodiesel, Heterogeneous catalyst, Waste fish oil, Transesterification reaction",

author = "Despoina Papargyriou and Emmanouil Broumidis and {de Vere-Tucker}, Matthew and Stelios Gavrielides and Paul Hilditch and Irvine, {John T.S.} and Bonaccorso, {Alfredo D.}",

note = "The authors would like to acknowledge Innovate UK for funding. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Dr Gavin Peters for the TGA and ICP-OES measurements. Finally, we would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, University of St Andrews, and CRITICAT Centre for Doctoral Training for financial support [Ph.D. studentship to M.D.V.T, S.G, and E. B; Grant code: EP/L016419/1].",

year = "2019",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124",

language = "English",

volume = "139",

pages = "661--669",

journal = "Renewable Energy",

issn = "0960-1481",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil

AU - Papargyriou, Despoina

AU - Broumidis, Emmanouil

AU - de Vere-Tucker, Matthew

AU - Gavrielides, Stelios

AU - Hilditch, Paul

AU - Irvine, John T.S.

AU - Bonaccorso, Alfredo D.

N1 - The authors would like to acknowledge Innovate UK for funding. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Dr Gavin Peters for the TGA and ICP-OES measurements. Finally, we would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, University of St Andrews, and CRITICAT Centre for Doctoral Training for financial support [Ph.D. studentship to M.D.V.T, S.G, and E. B; Grant code: EP/L016419/1].

PY - 2019/8

Y1 - 2019/8

N2 - A series of composite CaO-Ca3Al2O6 mixed oxides were investigated as potential catalysts for biodiesel synthesis from waste fish oil. Different Ca/Al ratios, in the range of 1.5 to 6 were studied, alongside pure CaO. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and CO2-Temperature Program Desorption (TPD). The catalytic activity of the materials was studied for the transesterification reaction of cod liver oil with methanol at 65 °C, with 1:12 oil to methanol molar ratio and 10 wt% of catalyst. Over 97% conversion of the triglycerides to methyl esters was achieved for the 6Ca/Al catalyst after 2 h reaction time. This was similar to the performance of CaO. However, 6Ca/Al catalyst was reused successfully for seven consecutive tests, in contrast to CaO that was reused for only five tests, before it deactivated. Therefore, by incorporating the Ca3Al2O6, it was possible to enhance the stability of the catalytically active species and improve the lifetime of the catalyst. Post-test catalyst characterisation showed the formation of an intermediate phase (calcium diglyceroxide) that enhanced the catalyst’s performance and tolerance to air exposure and humidity. Finally, the catalyst deactivation, after seven cycles, took place due to the formation of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 species.

AB - A series of composite CaO-Ca3Al2O6 mixed oxides were investigated as potential catalysts for biodiesel synthesis from waste fish oil. Different Ca/Al ratios, in the range of 1.5 to 6 were studied, alongside pure CaO. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and CO2-Temperature Program Desorption (TPD). The catalytic activity of the materials was studied for the transesterification reaction of cod liver oil with methanol at 65 °C, with 1:12 oil to methanol molar ratio and 10 wt% of catalyst. Over 97% conversion of the triglycerides to methyl esters was achieved for the 6Ca/Al catalyst after 2 h reaction time. This was similar to the performance of CaO. However, 6Ca/Al catalyst was reused successfully for seven consecutive tests, in contrast to CaO that was reused for only five tests, before it deactivated. Therefore, by incorporating the Ca3Al2O6, it was possible to enhance the stability of the catalytically active species and improve the lifetime of the catalyst. Post-test catalyst characterisation showed the formation of an intermediate phase (calcium diglyceroxide) that enhanced the catalyst’s performance and tolerance to air exposure and humidity. Finally, the catalyst deactivation, after seven cycles, took place due to the formation of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 species.

KW - Biodiesel

KW - Heterogeneous catalyst

KW - Waste fish oil

KW - Transesterification reaction

U2 - 10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124

DO - 10.1016/j.renene.2019.02.124

M3 - Article

SN - 0960-1481

VL - 139

SP - 661

EP - 669

JO - Renewable Energy

JF - Renewable Energy

ER -

Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil

Abstract

Keywords

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CRITICAT CDT: Critical Resource Catalysis - CRITICAT

Datasets

Investigation of solid base catalysts for biodiesel production from fish oil (dataset)

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