Impact of permittivity grading on coupled resonance in hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces

Anindita Das; Laura C. Wynne; Andrea Di Falco; Sebastian A. Schulz

doi:10.1088/2515-7647/adcddd

Impact of permittivity grading on coupled resonance in hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces

Anindita Das
, Laura C. Wynne
, Andrea Di Falco
, Sebastian A. Schulz^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Hybrid-epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metasurfaces, consisting of nanoantenna arrays on thin films of ENZ materials, feature a coupled resonance spectrum and have gathered significant interest for their nonlinear optical properties and their use in electro-optically tunable metasurfaces. While typically assumed to have a uniform permittivity, the ENZ film often features a graded permittivity distribution as a consequence of either material growth or capacitive tuning. Here we assess the impact of such a permittivity grading on the coupled resonance spectrum and show that the presence of grading alone results in a strong shift of the transmission minima of the coupled resonance, providing a new design parameter for hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces.

Original language	English
Article number	025031
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Physics: Photonics
Volume	7
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/adcddd
Publication status	Published - 30 Apr 2025

Keywords

Epsilon-near-zero
Indium tin oxide
Graded index
Metasurface

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Das_2025_JPhysP_Impact-permittivity-grading-hybrid-ENZ_CC
© 2025 The Author(s). Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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Metasurfaces for Spatio-temporal Light M: Metasurfaces for Spatio-temporal light modulation
Schulz, S. (PI)
EPSRC
1/02/23 → 31/07/24
Project: Standard
H2020 ERC CoG 2018 Amphibian: H2020 ERC CoG 2018 Amphibians
Di Falco, A. (PI)
European Research Council
1/02/19 → 31/01/24
Project: Standard

Impact of Permittivity Grading on Coupled Resonance in Hybrid-ENZ Metasurfaces (dataset)
Das, A. (Creator), Wynne, L. (Creator), Di Falco, A. (Creator) & Schulz, S. A. (Creator), University of St Andrews, 20 Jun 2025
DOI: 10.17630/861b8d58-eb91-41dd-9fd6-87b96a16248d
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@article{e040caf0787641b6ab6402908a2c41b6,

title = "Impact of permittivity grading on coupled resonance in hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces",

abstract = "Hybrid-epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metasurfaces, consisting of nanoantenna arrays on thin films of ENZ materials, feature a coupled resonance spectrum and have gathered significant interest for their nonlinear optical properties and their use in electro-optically tunable metasurfaces. While typically assumed to have a uniform permittivity, the ENZ film often features a graded permittivity distribution as a consequence of either material growth or capacitive tuning. Here we assess the impact of such a permittivity grading on the coupled resonance spectrum and show that the presence of grading alone results in a strong shift of the transmission minima of the coupled resonance, providing a new design parameter for hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces.",

keywords = "Epsilon-near-zero, Indium tin oxide, Graded index, Metasurface",

author = "Anindita Das and Wynne, \{Laura C.\} and \{Di Falco\}, Andrea and Schulz, \{Sebastian A.\}",

note = "Funding: S A S and A D acknowledge support from the EPSRC (EP/X018121/1). L C W acknowledges funding through the EPSRC DTP Grants EP/N509759/1 and EP/R513337/1. A D F acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement No. 819346).",

year = "2025",

month = apr,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1088/2515-7647/adcddd",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "Journal of Physics: Photonics",

issn = "2515-7647",

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T1 - Impact of permittivity grading on coupled resonance in hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces

AU - Das, Anindita

AU - Wynne, Laura C.

AU - Di Falco, Andrea

AU - Schulz, Sebastian A.

N1 - Funding: S A S and A D acknowledge support from the EPSRC (EP/X018121/1). L C W acknowledges funding through the EPSRC DTP Grants EP/N509759/1 and EP/R513337/1. A D F acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement No. 819346).

PY - 2025/4/30

Y1 - 2025/4/30

N2 - Hybrid-epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metasurfaces, consisting of nanoantenna arrays on thin films of ENZ materials, feature a coupled resonance spectrum and have gathered significant interest for their nonlinear optical properties and their use in electro-optically tunable metasurfaces. While typically assumed to have a uniform permittivity, the ENZ film often features a graded permittivity distribution as a consequence of either material growth or capacitive tuning. Here we assess the impact of such a permittivity grading on the coupled resonance spectrum and show that the presence of grading alone results in a strong shift of the transmission minima of the coupled resonance, providing a new design parameter for hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces.

AB - Hybrid-epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metasurfaces, consisting of nanoantenna arrays on thin films of ENZ materials, feature a coupled resonance spectrum and have gathered significant interest for their nonlinear optical properties and their use in electro-optically tunable metasurfaces. While typically assumed to have a uniform permittivity, the ENZ film often features a graded permittivity distribution as a consequence of either material growth or capacitive tuning. Here we assess the impact of such a permittivity grading on the coupled resonance spectrum and show that the presence of grading alone results in a strong shift of the transmission minima of the coupled resonance, providing a new design parameter for hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces.

KW - Epsilon-near-zero

KW - Indium tin oxide

KW - Graded index

KW - Metasurface

U2 - 10.1088/2515-7647/adcddd

DO - 10.1088/2515-7647/adcddd

M3 - Article

SN - 2515-7647

VL - 7

JO - Journal of Physics: Photonics

JF - Journal of Physics: Photonics

IS - 2

M1 - 025031

ER -

Impact of permittivity grading on coupled resonance in hybrid-ENZ metasurfaces

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Keywords

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Projects

Metasurfaces for Spatio-temporal Light M: Metasurfaces for Spatio-temporal light modulation

H2020 ERC CoG 2018 Amphibian: H2020 ERC CoG 2018 Amphibians

Datasets

Impact of Permittivity Grading on Coupled Resonance in Hybrid-ENZ Metasurfaces (dataset)

Cite this