Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide

Jacob DeLange; Kinjol Barua; Anindya Sundar Paul; Hamid Ohadi; Val Zwiller; Stephan Steinhauer; Hadiseh Alaeian

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-41465-y

Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide

Jacob DeLange^*, Kinjol Barua, Anindya Sundar Paul, Hamid Ohadi, Val Zwiller, Stephan Steinhauer, Hadiseh Alaeian^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has recently emerged as a promising material in solid-state quantum technology, specifically for its excitonic Rydberg states characterized by large principal quantum numbers (n). The significant wavefunction size of these highly-excited states (proportional to n2) enables strong long-range dipole-dipole (proportional to n4) and van der Waals interactions (proportional to n11). Currently, the highest-lying Rydberg states are found in naturally occurring Cu2O. However, for technological applications, the ability to grow high-quality synthetic samples is essential. The fabrication of thin-film Cu2O samples is of particular interest as they hold potential for observing extreme single-photon nonlinearities through the Rydberg blockade. Nevertheless, due to the susceptibility of high-lying states to charged impurities, growing synthetic samples of sufficient quality poses a substantial challenge. This study successfully demonstrates the CMOS-compatible synthesis of a Cu2O thin film on a transparent substrate that showcases Rydberg excitons up to n=8 which is readily suitable for photonic device fabrications. These findings mark a significant advancement towards the realization of scalable and on-chip integrable Rydberg quantum technologies.

Original language	English
Article number	16881
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41465-y
Publication status	Published - 6 Oct 2023

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title = "Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide",

abstract = "Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has recently emerged as a promising material in solid-state quantum technology, specifically for its excitonic Rydberg states characterized by large principal quantum numbers (n). The significant wavefunction size of these highly-excited states (proportional to n2) enables strong long-range dipole-dipole (proportional to n4) and van der Waals interactions (proportional to n11). Currently, the highest-lying Rydberg states are found in naturally occurring Cu2O. However, for technological applications, the ability to grow high-quality synthetic samples is essential. The fabrication of thin-film Cu2O samples is of particular interest as they hold potential for observing extreme single-photon nonlinearities through the Rydberg blockade. Nevertheless, due to the susceptibility of high-lying states to charged impurities, growing synthetic samples of sufficient quality poses a substantial challenge. This study successfully demonstrates the CMOS-compatible synthesis of a Cu2O thin film on a transparent substrate that showcases Rydberg excitons up to n=8 which is readily suitable for photonic device fabrications. These findings mark a significant advancement towards the realization of scalable and on-chip integrable Rydberg quantum technologies.",

author = "Jacob DeLange and Kinjol Barua and Paul, \{Anindya Sundar\} and Hamid Ohadi and Val Zwiller and Stephan Steinhauer and Hadiseh Alaeian",

note = "S.S. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (Starting Grant No. 2019-04821) and from the G{\"o}ran Gustafsson Foundation. H.A. acknowledges the Purdue University Startup fund, the financial support from the Industry-University Cooperative Research Center Program at the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2224960, and the AirForce Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-23-1-0489.",

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doi = "10.1038/s41598-023-41465-y",

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AU - DeLange, Jacob

AU - Barua, Kinjol

AU - Paul, Anindya Sundar

AU - Ohadi, Hamid

AU - Zwiller, Val

AU - Steinhauer, Stephan

AU - Alaeian, Hadiseh

N1 - S.S. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (Starting Grant No. 2019-04821) and from the Göran Gustafsson Foundation. H.A. acknowledges the Purdue University Startup fund, the financial support from the Industry-University Cooperative Research Center Program at the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. 2224960, and the AirForce Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-23-1-0489.

PY - 2023/10/6

Y1 - 2023/10/6

N2 - Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has recently emerged as a promising material in solid-state quantum technology, specifically for its excitonic Rydberg states characterized by large principal quantum numbers (n). The significant wavefunction size of these highly-excited states (proportional to n2) enables strong long-range dipole-dipole (proportional to n4) and van der Waals interactions (proportional to n11). Currently, the highest-lying Rydberg states are found in naturally occurring Cu2O. However, for technological applications, the ability to grow high-quality synthetic samples is essential. The fabrication of thin-film Cu2O samples is of particular interest as they hold potential for observing extreme single-photon nonlinearities through the Rydberg blockade. Nevertheless, due to the susceptibility of high-lying states to charged impurities, growing synthetic samples of sufficient quality poses a substantial challenge. This study successfully demonstrates the CMOS-compatible synthesis of a Cu2O thin film on a transparent substrate that showcases Rydberg excitons up to n=8 which is readily suitable for photonic device fabrications. These findings mark a significant advancement towards the realization of scalable and on-chip integrable Rydberg quantum technologies.

AB - Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has recently emerged as a promising material in solid-state quantum technology, specifically for its excitonic Rydberg states characterized by large principal quantum numbers (n). The significant wavefunction size of these highly-excited states (proportional to n2) enables strong long-range dipole-dipole (proportional to n4) and van der Waals interactions (proportional to n11). Currently, the highest-lying Rydberg states are found in naturally occurring Cu2O. However, for technological applications, the ability to grow high-quality synthetic samples is essential. The fabrication of thin-film Cu2O samples is of particular interest as they hold potential for observing extreme single-photon nonlinearities through the Rydberg blockade. Nevertheless, due to the susceptibility of high-lying states to charged impurities, growing synthetic samples of sufficient quality poses a substantial challenge. This study successfully demonstrates the CMOS-compatible synthesis of a Cu2O thin film on a transparent substrate that showcases Rydberg excitons up to n=8 which is readily suitable for photonic device fabrications. These findings mark a significant advancement towards the realization of scalable and on-chip integrable Rydberg quantum technologies.

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DO - 10.1038/s41598-023-41465-y

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JO - Scientific Reports

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Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide

Abstract

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Observation of Rydberg excitons in nanofabricated Cu₂O crystals and cavities

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Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide

Abstract

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Student theses

Observation of Rydberg excitons in nanofabricated Cu₂O crystals and cavities

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