Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B

K. Ward-Duong; J. Patience; K. Follette; R. J. De Rosa; J. Rameau; M. Marley; D. Saumon; E. L. Nielsen; A. Rajan; A. Z. Greenbaum; J. Lee; J. J. Wang; I. Czekala; G. Duchêne; B. Macintosh; S. Mark Ammons; V. P. Bailey; T. Barman; J. Bulger; C. Chen; J. Chilcote; T. Cotten; R. Doyon; T. M. Esposito; M. P. Fitzgerald; B. L. Gerard; S. J. Goodsell; J. R. Graham; P. Hibon; J. Hom; L.-W. Hung; P. Ingraham; P. Kalas; Q. Konopacky; J. E. Larkin; J. Maire; F. Marchis; C. Marois; S. Metchev; M. A. Millar-Blanchaer; R. Oppenheimer; D. Palmer; M. Perrin; L. Poyneer; L. Pueyo; F. T. Rantakyrö; B. Ren; J.-B. Ruffio; D. Savransky; A. C. Schneider; A. Sivaramakrishnan; I. Song; R. Soummer; M. Tallis; S. Thomas; J. Kent Wallace; S. Wiktorowicz; S. Wolff

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abc263

Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B

K. Ward-Duong^*, J. Patience, K. Follette, R. J. De Rosa, J. Rameau, M. Marley, D. Saumon, E. L. Nielsen, A. Rajan, A. Z. Greenbaum, J. Lee, J. J. Wang, I. Czekala, G. Duchêne, B. Macintosh, S. Mark Ammons, V. P. Bailey, T. Barman, J. Bulger, C. ChenJ. Chilcote, T. Cotten, R. Doyon, T. M. Esposito, M. P. Fitzgerald, B. L. Gerard, S. J. Goodsell, J. R. Graham, P. Hibon, J. Hom, L.-W. Hung, P. Ingraham, P. Kalas, Q. Konopacky, J. E. Larkin, J. Maire, F. Marchis, C. Marois, S. Metchev, M. A. Millar-Blanchaer, R. Oppenheimer, D. Palmer, M. Perrin, L. Poyneer, L. Pueyo, F. T. Rantakyrö, B. Ren, J.-B. Ruffio, D. Savransky, A. C. Schneider, A. Sivaramakrishnan, I. Song, R. Soummer, M. Tallis, S. Thomas, J. Kent Wallace, S. Wiktorowicz, S. Wolff

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ∼30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ∼50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion-disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.

Original language	English
Article number	5
Number of pages	24
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	161
Issue number	1
Early online date	2 Dec 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc263
Publication status	Published - Jan 2021

Keywords

Substellar companion stars
Brown dwarfs
Debris disks
Exoplanet atmospheric composition
Orbit determination

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Ward-Duong, K., Patience, J., Follette, K., De Rosa, R. J., Rameau, J., Marley, M., Saumon, D., Nielsen, E. L., Rajan, A., Greenbaum, A. Z., Lee, J., Wang, J. J., Czekala, I., Duchêne, G., Macintosh, B., Ammons, S. M., Bailey, V. P., Barman, T., Bulger, J., ... Wolff, S. (2021). Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B. Astronomical Journal, 161(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc263

@article{69e2ed07f614463db416a20a179cb8e1,

title = "Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B",

abstract = "We present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ∼30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ∼50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion-disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.",

keywords = "Substellar companion stars, Brown dwarfs, Debris disks, Exoplanet atmospheric composition, Orbit determination",

author = "K. Ward-Duong and J. Patience and K. Follette and {De Rosa}, {R. J.} and J. Rameau and M. Marley and D. Saumon and Nielsen, {E. L.} and A. Rajan and Greenbaum, {A. Z.} and J. Lee and Wang, {J. J.} and I. Czekala and G. Duch{\^e}ne and B. Macintosh and Ammons, {S. Mark} and Bailey, {V. P.} and T. Barman and J. Bulger and C. Chen and J. Chilcote and T. Cotten and R. Doyon and Esposito, {T. M.} and Fitzgerald, {M. P.} and Gerard, {B. L.} and Goodsell, {S. J.} and Graham, {J. R.} and P. Hibon and J. Hom and L.-W. Hung and P. Ingraham and P. Kalas and Q. Konopacky and Larkin, {J. E.} and J. Maire and F. Marchis and C. Marois and S. Metchev and Millar-Blanchaer, {M. A.} and R. Oppenheimer and D. Palmer and M. Perrin and L. Poyneer and L. Pueyo and Rantakyr{\"o}, {F. T.} and B. Ren and J.-B. Ruffio and D. Savransky and Schneider, {A. C.} and A. Sivaramakrishnan and I. Song and R. Soummer and M. Tallis and S. Thomas and Wallace, {J. Kent} and S. Wiktorowicz and S. Wolff",

year = "2021",

month = jan,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/abc263",

language = "English",

volume = "161",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Ward-Duong, K, Patience, J, Follette, K, De Rosa, RJ, Rameau, J, Marley, M, Saumon, D, Nielsen, EL, Rajan, A, Greenbaum, AZ, Lee, J, Wang, JJ, Czekala, I, Duchêne, G, Macintosh, B, Ammons, SM, Bailey, VP, Barman, T, Bulger, J, Chen, C, Chilcote, J, Cotten, T, Doyon, R, Esposito, TM, Fitzgerald, MP, Gerard, BL, Goodsell, SJ, Graham, JR, Hibon, P, Hom, J, Hung, L-W, Ingraham, P, Kalas, P, Konopacky, Q, Larkin, JE, Maire, J, Marchis, F, Marois, C, Metchev, S, Millar-Blanchaer, MA, Oppenheimer, R, Palmer, D, Perrin, M, Poyneer, L, Pueyo, L, Rantakyrö, FT, Ren, B, Ruffio, J-B, Savransky, D, Schneider, AC, Sivaramakrishnan, A, Song, I, Soummer, R, Tallis, M, Thomas, S, Wallace, JK, Wiktorowicz, S & Wolff, S 2021, 'Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B', Astronomical Journal, vol. 161, no. 1, 5. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc263

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B

AU - Ward-Duong, K.

AU - Patience, J.

AU - Follette, K.

AU - De Rosa, R. J.

AU - Rameau, J.

AU - Marley, M.

AU - Saumon, D.

AU - Nielsen, E. L.

AU - Rajan, A.

AU - Greenbaum, A. Z.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Wang, J. J.

AU - Czekala, I.

AU - Duchêne, G.

AU - Macintosh, B.

AU - Ammons, S. Mark

AU - Bailey, V. P.

AU - Barman, T.

AU - Bulger, J.

AU - Chen, C.

AU - Chilcote, J.

AU - Cotten, T.

AU - Doyon, R.

AU - Esposito, T. M.

AU - Fitzgerald, M. P.

AU - Gerard, B. L.

AU - Goodsell, S. J.

AU - Graham, J. R.

AU - Hibon, P.

AU - Hom, J.

AU - Hung, L.-W.

AU - Ingraham, P.

AU - Kalas, P.

AU - Konopacky, Q.

AU - Larkin, J. E.

AU - Maire, J.

AU - Marchis, F.

AU - Marois, C.

AU - Metchev, S.

AU - Millar-Blanchaer, M. A.

AU - Oppenheimer, R.

AU - Palmer, D.

AU - Perrin, M.

AU - Poyneer, L.

AU - Pueyo, L.

AU - Rantakyrö, F. T.

AU - Ren, B.

AU - Ruffio, J.-B.

AU - Savransky, D.

AU - Schneider, A. C.

AU - Sivaramakrishnan, A.

AU - Song, I.

AU - Soummer, R.

AU - Tallis, M.

AU - Thomas, S.

AU - Wallace, J. Kent

AU - Wiktorowicz, S.

AU - Wolff, S.

PY - 2021/1

Y1 - 2021/1

N2 - We present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ∼30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ∼50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion-disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.

AB - We present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ∼30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ∼50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion-disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.

KW - Substellar companion stars

KW - Brown dwarfs

KW - Debris disks

KW - Exoplanet atmospheric composition

KW - Orbit determination

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/abc263

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/abc263

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 161

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 5

ER -

Gemini Planet Imager spectroscopy of the dusty substellar companion HD 206893 B

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Keywords

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