An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

P. Bluhm; E. Palle; K. Molaverdikhani; J. Kemmer; A. P. Hatzes; D. Kossakowski; S. Stock; J. A. Caballero; J. Lillo-Box; V. J. S . Bejar; M. G. Soto; P. J. Amado; P. Brown; C. Cadieux; R. Cloutier; K. A. Collins; K. I. Collins; M. Cortes-Contreras; R. Doyon; S. Dreizler; N. Espinoza; A. Fukui; E. Gonzalez-Alvarez; Th Henning; K. Horne; S. V. Jeffers; J. M. Jenkins; E. L. N. Jensen; A. Kaminski; J. F. Kielkopf; N. Kusakabe; M. Kuerster; D. Lafreniere; R. Luque; F. Murgas; D. Montes; J. C. Morales; N. Narita; V. M. Passegger; A. Quirrenbach; P. Schoefer; S. Reffert; A. Reiners; I. Ribas; G. R. Ricker; S. Seager; A. Schweitzer; R. P. Schwarz; M. Tamura; T. Trifonov; R. Vanderspek; J. Winn; M. Zechmeister; M. R. Zapatero Osorio

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

P. Bluhm^*
, E. Palle
, K. Molaverdikhani
, J. Kemmer
, A. P. Hatzes
, D. Kossakowski
, S. Stock
, J. A. Caballero
, J. Lillo-Box
, V. J. S . Bejar
, M. G. Soto
, P. J. Amado
, P. Brown
, C. Cadieux
, R. Cloutier
, K. A. Collins
, K. I. Collins
, M. Cortes-Contreras
, R. Doyon
, S. Dreizler

N. Espinoza, A. Fukui, E. Gonzalez-Alvarez, Th Henning, K. Horne, S. V. Jeffers, J. M. Jenkins, E. L. N. Jensen, A. Kaminski, J. F. Kielkopf, N. Kusakabe, M. Kuerster, D. Lafreniere, R. Luque, F. Murgas, D. Montes, J. C. Morales, N. Narita, V. M. Passegger, A. Quirrenbach, P. Schoefer, S. Reffert, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, G. R. Ricker, S. Seager, A. Schweitzer, R. P. Schwarz, M. Tamura, T. Trifonov, R. Vanderspek, J. Winn, M. Zechmeister, M. R. Zapatero Osorio

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Dynamical histories of planetary systems, as well as the atmospheric evolution of highly irradiated planets, can be studied by characterizing the ultra-short-period planet population, which the TESS mission is particularly well suited to discover. Here, we report on the follow-up of a transit signal detected in the TESS sector 19 photometric time series of the M3.0 V star TOI-1685 (2MASS J04342248+4302148). We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of P_b = 0.6691403_−0.0000021^+0.0000023 d, using precise radial velocity measurements taken with the CARMENES spectrograph. From the joint photometry and radial velocity analysis, we estimate the following parameters for TOI-1685 b: a mass of M_b = 3.78_−0.63^+0.63 M_⊕, a radius of R_b = 1.70_−0.07^+0.07 R_⊕, which together result in a bulk density of ρ_b = 4.21_−0.82^+0.95 g cm⁻³, and an equilibrium temperature of T_eq = 1069₋₁₆⁺¹⁶ K. TOI-1685 b is the least dense ultra-short-period planet around an M dwarf known to date. TOI-1685 b is also one of the hottest transiting super-Earth planets with accurate dynamical mass measurements, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy. Additionally, we report with moderate evidence an additional non-transiting planet candidate in the system, TOI-1685 [c], which has an orbital period of P_c = 9.02_−0.12^+0.10 d.

Original language	English
Article number	A78
Number of pages	17
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	650
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140688
Publication status	Published - 8 Jun 2021

Keywords

Techniques: photometric
Techniques: radial velocities
Stars: individual: TOI-1685
Stars: late-type

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10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

Bluhm-An-ultra-short-period-AA-650-A78
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Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021: Astronomy at St Andrews 2018-2021
Jardine, M. (PI), Bonnell, I. (CoI), Cameron, A. (CoI), Cyganowski, C. (CoI), Dominik, M. (CoI), Helling, C. (CoI), Horne, K. (CoI), Scholz, A. (CoI), Tojeiro, R. (CoI), Weijmans, A.-M. (CoI), Wild, V. (CoI), Woitke, P. (CoI), Wood, K. (CoI) & Zhao, H. (CoI)
1/04/18 → 31/03/22
Project: Standard

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Bluhm, P., Palle, E., Molaverdikhani, K., Kemmer, J., Hatzes, A. P., Kossakowski, D., Stock, S., Caballero, J. A., Lillo-Box, J., Bejar, V. J. S. ., Soto, M. G., Amado, P. J., Brown, P., Cadieux, C., Cloutier, R., Collins, K. A., Collins, K. I., Cortes-Contreras, M., Doyon, R., ... Zapatero Osorio, M. R. (2021). An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 650, Article A78. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

@article{fd762d5c527d458b8f13fa134892b670,

title = "An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685",

abstract = "Dynamical histories of planetary systems, as well as the atmospheric evolution of highly irradiated planets, can be studied by characterizing the ultra-short-period planet population, which the TESS mission is particularly well suited to discover. Here, we report on the follow-up of a transit signal detected in the TESS sector 19 photometric time series of the M3.0 V star TOI-1685 (2MASS J04342248+4302148). We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of Pb = 0.6691403−0.0000021+0.0000023 d, using precise radial velocity measurements taken with the CARMENES spectrograph. From the joint photometry and radial velocity analysis, we estimate the following parameters for TOI-1685 b: a mass of Mb = 3.78−0.63+0.63 M⊕, a radius of Rb = 1.70−0.07+0.07 R⊕, which together result in a bulk density of ρb = 4.21−0.82+0.95 g cm−3, and an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 1069−16+16 K. TOI-1685 b is the least dense ultra-short-period planet around an M dwarf known to date. TOI-1685 b is also one of the hottest transiting super-Earth planets with accurate dynamical mass measurements, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy. Additionally, we report with moderate evidence an additional non-transiting planet candidate in the system, TOI-1685 [c], which has an orbital period of Pc = 9.02−0.12+0.10 d. ",

keywords = "Techniques: photometric, Techniques: radial velocities, Stars: individual: TOI-1685, Stars: late-type",

author = "P. Bluhm and E. Palle and K. Molaverdikhani and J. Kemmer and Hatzes, \{A. P.\} and D. Kossakowski and S. Stock and Caballero, \{J. A.\} and J. Lillo-Box and Bejar, \{V. J. S .\} and Soto, \{M. G.\} and Amado, \{P. J.\} and P. Brown and C. Cadieux and R. Cloutier and Collins, \{K. A.\} and Collins, \{K. I.\} and M. Cortes-Contreras and R. Doyon and S. Dreizler and N. Espinoza and A. Fukui and E. Gonzalez-Alvarez and Th Henning and K. Horne and Jeffers, \{S. V.\} and Jenkins, \{J. M.\} and Jensen, \{E. L. N.\} and A. Kaminski and Kielkopf, \{J. F.\} and N. Kusakabe and M. Kuerster and D. Lafreniere and R. Luque and F. Murgas and D. Montes and Morales, \{J. C.\} and N. Narita and Passegger, \{V. M.\} and A. Quirrenbach and P. Schoefer and S. Reffert and A. Reiners and I. Ribas and Ricker, \{G. R.\} and S. Seager and A. Schweitzer and Schwarz, \{R. P.\} and M. Tamura and T. Trifonov and R. Vanderspek and J. Winn and M. Zechmeister and \{Zapatero Osorio\}, \{M. R.\}",

note = "Funding: We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci{\'o}n of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci{\'o}n y Universidades and the ERDF through projects PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4]/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PGC2018-098153-B-C33, and the Centre of Excellence {\textquotedblleft}Severo Ochoa{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}Mar{\'i}a deMaeztu{\textquotedblright} awards to the Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Canarias (SEV-2015-0548), Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Andaluc{\'i}a (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astro-biolog{\'i}a (MDM-2017-0737), the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme,{\textquotedblleft}la Caixa{\textquotedblright} Foundation (100010434), European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant agreement No. 847648 (LCF/BQ/PI20/11760023), a University Research Support Grant from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, JSPS KAKENHI (JP15H02063, JP18H01265, JP18H05439, JP18H05442, and JP22000005), JSTPRESTO (JPMJPR1775), UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/R000824/1), and NASA (NNX17AG24G).",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202140688",

language = "English",

volume = "650",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Bluhm, P, Palle, E, Molaverdikhani, K, Kemmer, J, Hatzes, AP, Kossakowski, D, Stock, S, Caballero, JA, Lillo-Box, J, Bejar, VJS, Soto, MG, Amado, PJ, Brown, P, Cadieux, C, Cloutier, R, Collins, KA, Collins, KI, Cortes-Contreras, M, Doyon, R, Dreizler, S, Espinoza, N, Fukui, A, Gonzalez-Alvarez, E, Henning, T, Horne, K, Jeffers, SV, Jenkins, JM, Jensen, ELN, Kaminski, A, Kielkopf, JF, Kusakabe, N, Kuerster, M, Lafreniere, D, Luque, R, Murgas, F, Montes, D, Morales, JC, Narita, N, Passegger, VM, Quirrenbach, A, Schoefer, P, Reffert, S, Reiners, A, Ribas, I, Ricker, GR, Seager, S, Schweitzer, A, Schwarz, RP, Tamura, M, Trifonov, T, Vanderspek, R, Winn, J, Zechmeister, M & Zapatero Osorio, MR 2021, 'An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 650, A78. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

TY - JOUR

T1 - An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

AU - Bluhm, P.

AU - Palle, E.

AU - Molaverdikhani, K.

AU - Kemmer, J.

AU - Hatzes, A. P.

AU - Kossakowski, D.

AU - Stock, S.

AU - Caballero, J. A.

AU - Lillo-Box, J.

AU - Bejar, V. J. S .

AU - Soto, M. G.

AU - Amado, P. J.

AU - Brown, P.

AU - Cadieux, C.

AU - Cloutier, R.

AU - Collins, K. A.

AU - Collins, K. I.

AU - Cortes-Contreras, M.

AU - Doyon, R.

AU - Dreizler, S.

AU - Espinoza, N.

AU - Fukui, A.

AU - Gonzalez-Alvarez, E.

AU - Henning, Th

AU - Horne, K.

AU - Jeffers, S. V.

AU - Jenkins, J. M.

AU - Jensen, E. L. N.

AU - Kaminski, A.

AU - Kielkopf, J. F.

AU - Kusakabe, N.

AU - Kuerster, M.

AU - Lafreniere, D.

AU - Luque, R.

AU - Murgas, F.

AU - Montes, D.

AU - Morales, J. C.

AU - Narita, N.

AU - Passegger, V. M.

AU - Quirrenbach, A.

AU - Schoefer, P.

AU - Reffert, S.

AU - Reiners, A.

AU - Ribas, I.

AU - Ricker, G. R.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Schweitzer, A.

AU - Schwarz, R. P.

AU - Tamura, M.

AU - Trifonov, T.

AU - Vanderspek, R.

AU - Winn, J.

AU - Zechmeister, M.

AU - Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

N1 - Funding: We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the ERDF through projects PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4]/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PGC2018-098153-B-C33, and the Centre of Excellence “Severo Ochoa” and “María deMaeztu” awards to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (SEV-2015-0548), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astro-biología (MDM-2017-0737), the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme,“la Caixa” Foundation (100010434), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 847648 (LCF/BQ/PI20/11760023), a University Research Support Grant from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, JSPS KAKENHI (JP15H02063, JP18H01265, JP18H05439, JP18H05442, and JP22000005), JSTPRESTO (JPMJPR1775), UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/R000824/1), and NASA (NNX17AG24G).

PY - 2021/6/8

Y1 - 2021/6/8

N2 - Dynamical histories of planetary systems, as well as the atmospheric evolution of highly irradiated planets, can be studied by characterizing the ultra-short-period planet population, which the TESS mission is particularly well suited to discover. Here, we report on the follow-up of a transit signal detected in the TESS sector 19 photometric time series of the M3.0 V star TOI-1685 (2MASS J04342248+4302148). We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of Pb = 0.6691403−0.0000021+0.0000023 d, using precise radial velocity measurements taken with the CARMENES spectrograph. From the joint photometry and radial velocity analysis, we estimate the following parameters for TOI-1685 b: a mass of Mb = 3.78−0.63+0.63 M⊕, a radius of Rb = 1.70−0.07+0.07 R⊕, which together result in a bulk density of ρb = 4.21−0.82+0.95 g cm−3, and an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 1069−16+16 K. TOI-1685 b is the least dense ultra-short-period planet around an M dwarf known to date. TOI-1685 b is also one of the hottest transiting super-Earth planets with accurate dynamical mass measurements, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy. Additionally, we report with moderate evidence an additional non-transiting planet candidate in the system, TOI-1685 [c], which has an orbital period of Pc = 9.02−0.12+0.10 d.

AB - Dynamical histories of planetary systems, as well as the atmospheric evolution of highly irradiated planets, can be studied by characterizing the ultra-short-period planet population, which the TESS mission is particularly well suited to discover. Here, we report on the follow-up of a transit signal detected in the TESS sector 19 photometric time series of the M3.0 V star TOI-1685 (2MASS J04342248+4302148). We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of Pb = 0.6691403−0.0000021+0.0000023 d, using precise radial velocity measurements taken with the CARMENES spectrograph. From the joint photometry and radial velocity analysis, we estimate the following parameters for TOI-1685 b: a mass of Mb = 3.78−0.63+0.63 M⊕, a radius of Rb = 1.70−0.07+0.07 R⊕, which together result in a bulk density of ρb = 4.21−0.82+0.95 g cm−3, and an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 1069−16+16 K. TOI-1685 b is the least dense ultra-short-period planet around an M dwarf known to date. TOI-1685 b is also one of the hottest transiting super-Earth planets with accurate dynamical mass measurements, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy. Additionally, we report with moderate evidence an additional non-transiting planet candidate in the system, TOI-1685 [c], which has an orbital period of Pc = 9.02−0.12+0.10 d.

KW - Techniques: photometric

KW - Techniques: radial velocities

KW - Stars: individual: TOI-1685

KW - Stars: late-type

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 650

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A78

ER -

An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

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