An operational distinction between quantum entanglement and classical non-separability

Natalia Korolkova; Luis L. Sanchez-Soto; Gerd Leuchs

doi:10.1098/rsta.2023.0342

An operational distinction between quantum entanglement and classical non-separability

Natalia Korolkova^*, Luis L. Sanchez-Soto, Gerd Leuchs

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Quantum entanglement describes superposition states in multi-dimensional systems—at least two partite—which cannot be factorized and are thus non-separable. Non-separable states also exist in classical theories involving vector spaces. In both cases, it is possible to violate a Bell-like inequality. This has led to controversial discussions, which we resolve by identifying an operational distinction between the classical and quantum cases.

Original language	English
Article number	20230342
Number of pages	17
Journal	Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
Volume	382
Issue number	2287
Early online date	24 Dec 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2023.0342
Publication status	Published - 30 Dec 2024

Keywords

Quantum entanglement
Classical entanglement
Quantum measurement
Non-separability

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10.1098/rsta.2023.0342Licence: CC BY

Korolkova-et-al-2024-An-operational-distinction-382-2287-20230342-CCBY
Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
Final published version, 1.43 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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AU - Sanchez-Soto, Luis L.

AU - Leuchs, Gerd

N1 - Funding: Agencia Española de Inbestigación, Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance.

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AB - Quantum entanglement describes superposition states in multi-dimensional systems—at least two partite—which cannot be factorized and are thus non-separable. Non-separable states also exist in classical theories involving vector spaces. In both cases, it is possible to violate a Bell-like inequality. This has led to controversial discussions, which we resolve by identifying an operational distinction between the classical and quantum cases.

KW - Quantum entanglement

KW - Classical entanglement

KW - Quantum measurement

KW - Non-separability

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DO - 10.1098/rsta.2023.0342

M3 - Article

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JO - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences

JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences

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An operational distinction between quantum entanglement and classical non-separability

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Keywords

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