Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band

Samiur Rahman; Aleksanteri Vattulainen; Duncan A. Robertson

doi:10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262

Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band

Samiur Rahman, Aleksanteri Vattulainen, Duncan A. Robertson

School of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

3 Citations (Scopus)

12 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Sea clutter data at millimeter wave frequencies are quite limited in the literature. Recent advancements in millimeter wave radar technology have created a potential for its use in maritime surveillance and autonomy. Hence, collecting data at this frequency range is of great interest to both academia and industry. This study reports on a field trial conducted at St Andrews in winter 2020 to collect littoral sea clutter data using K-band (24 GHz) and W-band (94 GHz) radar systems. Extensive data collection was done during the trial, where this work specifically concentrates on analysis of the amplitude characteristics of the sea clutter returns. Analysis of the dataset shows that the radar backscatter was heavily dominated by sea-spikes. The modal normalized radar cross section (NRCS) values for Bragg, burst and whitecap scattering are measured to be -47, -30 and -17 dB respectively at 24 GHz in horizontal polarization and -48, -26 and -12 dB respectively at 94 GHz in circular polarization, measured at grazing angles of 1-3°. The backscatter from the smooth surface is found to be below the noise floor equivalent NRCS (-65 dB). Also, the power spectrum analysis of range-time intensity plots is discussed, revealing information on the sea surface dynamics.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2022 IEEE radar conference proceedings
Place of Publication	Piscataway, NJ
Publisher	IEEE
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9781728153698
ISBN (Print)	9781728153681
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262
Publication status	Published - 21 Mar 2022
Event	2022 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf'22) - New York, United States Duration: 21 Mar 2022 → 25 Mar 2022 http://www.radarconf2022.org/

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of the IEEE radar conference
ISSN (Print)	1097-5764
ISSN (Electronic)	2640-7736

Conference

Conference	2022 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf'22)
Abbreviated title	RadarConf'22
Country/Territory	United States
City	New York
Period	21/03/22 → 25/03/22
Internet address	http://www.radarconf2022.org/

Keywords

Sea clutter
Sea spikes
Breaking waves
Millimeter wave
FMCW

Access to Document

10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262

IEEE_Radarcon_2022_manuscript_final_version
Copyright © 2022 IEEE. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2248738.2022.9764262.
Accepted author manuscript, 1.42 MB

Cite this

@inproceedings{80acd17be0da4f9c9b4cb44367d1c7e4,

title = "Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band",

abstract = "Sea clutter data at millimeter wave frequencies are quite limited in the literature. Recent advancements in millimeter wave radar technology have created a potential for its use in maritime surveillance and autonomy. Hence, collecting data at this frequency range is of great interest to both academia and industry. This study reports on a field trial conducted at St Andrews in winter 2020 to collect littoral sea clutter data using K-band (24 GHz) and W-band (94 GHz) radar systems. Extensive data collection was done during the trial, where this work specifically concentrates on analysis of the amplitude characteristics of the sea clutter returns. Analysis of the dataset shows that the radar backscatter was heavily dominated by sea-spikes. The modal normalized radar cross section (NRCS) values for Bragg, burst and whitecap scattering are measured to be -47, -30 and -17 dB respectively at 24 GHz in horizontal polarization and -48, -26 and -12 dB respectively at 94 GHz in circular polarization, measured at grazing angles of 1-3°. The backscatter from the smooth surface is found to be below the noise floor equivalent NRCS (-65 dB). Also, the power spectrum analysis of range-time intensity plots is discussed, revealing information on the sea surface dynamics.",

keywords = "Sea clutter, Sea spikes, Breaking waves, Millimeter wave, FMCW",

author = "Samiur Rahman and Aleksanteri Vattulainen and Robertson, {Duncan A.}",

note = "Funding: UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under grant EP/S032851/1.; 2022 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf'22), RadarConf'22 ; Conference date: 21-03-2022 Through 25-03-2022",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "21",

doi = "10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781728153681",

series = "Proceedings of the IEEE radar conference",

publisher = "IEEE",

booktitle = "2022 IEEE radar conference proceedings",

url = "http://www.radarconf2022.org/",

}

Rahman, S, Vattulainen, A & Robertson, DA 2022, Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band. in 2022 IEEE radar conference proceedings., 9764262, Proceedings of the IEEE radar conference, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2022 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf'22), New York, New York, United States, 21/03/22. https://doi.org/10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262

TY - GEN

T1 - Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band

AU - Rahman, Samiur

AU - Vattulainen, Aleksanteri

AU - Robertson, Duncan A.

N1 - Funding: UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under grant EP/S032851/1.

PY - 2022/3/21

Y1 - 2022/3/21

N2 - Sea clutter data at millimeter wave frequencies are quite limited in the literature. Recent advancements in millimeter wave radar technology have created a potential for its use in maritime surveillance and autonomy. Hence, collecting data at this frequency range is of great interest to both academia and industry. This study reports on a field trial conducted at St Andrews in winter 2020 to collect littoral sea clutter data using K-band (24 GHz) and W-band (94 GHz) radar systems. Extensive data collection was done during the trial, where this work specifically concentrates on analysis of the amplitude characteristics of the sea clutter returns. Analysis of the dataset shows that the radar backscatter was heavily dominated by sea-spikes. The modal normalized radar cross section (NRCS) values for Bragg, burst and whitecap scattering are measured to be -47, -30 and -17 dB respectively at 24 GHz in horizontal polarization and -48, -26 and -12 dB respectively at 94 GHz in circular polarization, measured at grazing angles of 1-3°. The backscatter from the smooth surface is found to be below the noise floor equivalent NRCS (-65 dB). Also, the power spectrum analysis of range-time intensity plots is discussed, revealing information on the sea surface dynamics.

AB - Sea clutter data at millimeter wave frequencies are quite limited in the literature. Recent advancements in millimeter wave radar technology have created a potential for its use in maritime surveillance and autonomy. Hence, collecting data at this frequency range is of great interest to both academia and industry. This study reports on a field trial conducted at St Andrews in winter 2020 to collect littoral sea clutter data using K-band (24 GHz) and W-band (94 GHz) radar systems. Extensive data collection was done during the trial, where this work specifically concentrates on analysis of the amplitude characteristics of the sea clutter returns. Analysis of the dataset shows that the radar backscatter was heavily dominated by sea-spikes. The modal normalized radar cross section (NRCS) values for Bragg, burst and whitecap scattering are measured to be -47, -30 and -17 dB respectively at 24 GHz in horizontal polarization and -48, -26 and -12 dB respectively at 94 GHz in circular polarization, measured at grazing angles of 1-3°. The backscatter from the smooth surface is found to be below the noise floor equivalent NRCS (-65 dB). Also, the power spectrum analysis of range-time intensity plots is discussed, revealing information on the sea surface dynamics.

KW - Sea clutter

KW - Sea spikes

KW - Breaking waves

KW - Millimeter wave

KW - FMCW

UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2248738.2022

U2 - 10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262

DO - 10.1109/radarconf2248738.2022.9764262

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 9781728153681

T3 - Proceedings of the IEEE radar conference

BT - 2022 IEEE radar conference proceedings

PB - IEEE

CY - Piscataway, NJ

T2 - 2022 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf'22)

Y2 - 21 March 2022 through 25 March 2022

ER -

Amplitude characteristics of littoral sea clutter data at K-band and W-band

Abstract

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Keywords

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