球晶的结构和形成机理

Spherulites are special spherical polycrystalline particles. Their basic structures consist of needle-like building units in a radial arrangement. In this short article, research on spherulites with various compositions containing CaCO₃, ZnO, Cu₂O, etc. is reviewed and general structural features and formation mechanisms are summarised. In the formation of a spherulite, either naturally occurring or synthetic, a charged core rich in biomass or organic polymer must form first. The surrounding inorganic nanocrystallites protected by biomass or organic polymer become dipoles and are attracted to the surface of the core. In the Coulomb field of the core, the embedded nanocrystallites self-oriented and line up along the radial directions, forming needle-like building units. Also in the Coulomb field, the nanocrystallites in spherulites are unlikely form large crystals via Ostwald ripening. This research improves our knowledge of the interactions between nanocrystallites.