القوي الدولية وبنية النظام الدولي في القرن الحادي والعشرين

Indications of the US declining global power status (military, economically, diplomatically, culturally, etc.) and the rise of the so-called “The Rest” has become too big to be ignored. Since the end of the cold war, several American political scientists have indicated five waves of decline in the US global power position, yet many observers in the Arab world still believe that the unipolar status of the US is still standing. This paper is challenging the literature on global balance of power and the future of the international system that had been produced in the Arab World and claimed that these scholarships suffer from several analytical and methodological deficiencies. Hence, to address these shortcomings, it critically engages with these studies, and presents a new perspective on the future of global balance of power from the perspective of Global South rising powers. The first part of the paper discusses the theoretical debate on concepts such international order, and other overlapped concepts such as great powers, superpowers, and as polarity. Likewise, the study traces the historical development of the Eurocentric notion of the international system and the dynamics of the global balance of power. The second part outlines the trends and attempts of re-balancing US unipolarity since the end of the Cold War, and after the Iraq war of 2003 specifically. The third part evaluates the capabilities of other great powers in the Global South to re-balance the US hegemony. Fourthly, the paper discusses the obstacles of such attempts. Lastly, it explores the prospects of the so-called post-unipolar international order.