Христианский правитель и его мусульманские подданные в Средиземноморье (к постановке проблемы)

The article attempts to compare the legal practice of the Christian supreme authority with respect to Muslims who find themselves in Christian territory. The authors focus on two particular cases. The Spanish precedent discusses the relationship between the king and his Muslim subjects analyzing the example of a Cantiga glorifying the Virgin Mary and a miniture illustrating the text. The Byzantine precedent contextualizes the seal of a high-ranking Muslim subject. Authors pose the problem of differences and similarities in the legal practice of Christian powers in relation to the Muslim population. The article discusses the question of how fully legal sources are able to transmit information about Muslim-Christian relations in Western Europe and Byzantium, whether the historian has the opportunity to enrich academic knowledge using literature and sphragistics. The presented research experience develops our ideas about the interaction of Christians in Byzantium and Spain with Muslims.