My research focuses upon the histories of science and knowledge. I am interested in scholarly communities, learned institutions, and scientific publications. I trained in the history of science, but also work on the histories of technology, publishing, and universities. Nineteenth-century Britain has long been at the heart of my research career, but my interests range from the seventeenth century to the present day.

I have spent much of the last decade investigating the history of academic publishing; this includes the financial models underpinning scientific journals, as well as their editorial and reviewing processes. My book A History of Scientific Journals: publishing at the Royal Society, 1665-2015 (2022, OA) was the result of AHRC-funded research on the world's oldest scientific journal, the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. The expertise gained from that project allows me to offer a historical perspective on contemporary debates about open access, peer review and the future of scholarly communications. Our briefing paper Untangling Academic Publishing: a history of the relationship between commercial interests, academic prestige and the circulation of research (2017) offers a short, non-technical introduction to the key themes.

I currently co-direct several projects examining the history of the University of St Andrews: one focuses on the experiences of women in the department(s) of History at St Andrews over the course of the 20th century; another is investigating the 'legacies of empire' at the University of St Andrews arising from connections to enslavement and British colonialism in the 18th and 19th centuries.  

I am also writing a history of information, statistics, and publishing in Victorian Britain.

Previous works include Steam-Powered Knowledge: William Chambers and the business of publishing, 1820-1860 (2012), which investigated the connections between technology and instructive publishing in the mid-19th-century; I wrote about railways, steamships and steam-powered printing machines in Britain and the USA. I also wrote Science and Salvation: evangelicals and popular science publishing in Victorian Britain (2004) and am co-editor of Science in the Marketplace: nineteenth-century sites and experiences (2007).

I trained in the History & Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge, but have worked in History departments for the last 25 years, first at the National University of Ireland, Galway (2000-2010) and at the University of St Andrews since 2011.

I hold a postgraduate diploma in Academic Practice, and am a fellow of the Higher Education Academy and the Royal Historical Society.

I am a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh; and was previously a member of the RSE Young Academy of Scotland, serving as co-chair in 2013-14.

I have been involved in various projects to support women academics, including Academic Women Now (2016), Academic Women Here (2017), and Women Historians of St Andrews (2021-).

history of science and technology; scholarly communication; research evaluation; popular science; Britain; 17th-20th centuries