Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns (code)

  • Marlee Tucker (Creator)
  • Aafke Schipper (Creator)
  • Tempe Adams (Creator)
  • Nina Attias (Creator)
  • Tal Avgar (Creator)
  • Natarsha Babic (Creator)
  • Kristin Barker (Creator)
  • Guillaume Bastille-Rousseau (Creator)
  • Domink Behr (Creator)
  • Jerrold Belant (Creator)
  • Dean Beyer (Creator)
  • Niels Blaum (Creator)
  • J. David Blount (Creator)
  • Dirk Bockmühl (Creator)
  • Ricardo Luiz Pires Boulhosa (Creator)
  • Michael Brown (Creator)
  • Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar (Creator)
  • Francesca Cagnacci (Creator)
  • Justin Calabrese (Creator)
  • Rok Černe (Creator)
  • Simon Chamaillé-Jammes (Creator)
  • Aung Nyein Chan (Creator)
  • Michael Chase (Creator)
  • Yannick Chaval (Creator)
  • Yvette Chenaux-Ibrahim (Creator)
  • Seth Cherry (Creator)
  • Duško Ćirović (Creator)
  • Emrah Çoban (Creator)
  • Eric Cole (Creator)
  • Laura Conlee (Creator)
  • Alyson Courtemanch (Creator)
  • Gabriele Cozzi (Creator)
  • Sarah Davidson (Creator)
  • Darren DeBloois (Creator)
  • Nandinsetseg Dejid (Creator)
  • Vickie DeNicola (Creator)
  • Arnaud Desbiez (Creator)
  • Iain Douglas-Hamilton (Creator)
  • David Drake (Creator)
  • Michael Egan (Creator)
  • Jasper Eikelboom (Creator)
  • William Fagen (Creator)
  • Morgan Farmer (Creator)
  • Julian Fennessy (Creator)
  • Shannon Finnegan (Creator)
  • Christen Fleming (Creator)
  • Bonnie Fournier (Creator)
  • Nicholas Fowler (Creator)
  • Mariela Gantchoff (Creator)
  • Alexandre Garnier (Creator)
  • Benedikt Gehr (Creator)
  • Chris Geremia (Creator)
  • Jacob Goheen (Creator)
  • Morgan Hauptfleisch (Creator)
  • Mark Hebblewhite (Creator)
  • Morten Heim (Creator)
  • Anne Hertel (Creator)
  • Marco Heurich (Creator)
  • A. J. Mark Hewison (Creator)
  • James Hodson (Creator)
  • Nicholas Hoffman (Creator)
  • Grant Hopcraft (Creator)
  • Djuro Huber (Creator)
  • Edmund Isaac (Creator)
  • Karolina Janik (Creator)
  • Miloš Ježek (Creator)
  • Örjan Johansson (Creator)
  • Neil Jordan (Creator)
  • Petra Kaczensky (Creator)
  • Douglas Kamaru (Creator)
  • Matthew Kauffman (Creator)
  • Todd Kautz (Creator)
  • Roland Kays (Creator)
  • Allicia Kelly (Creator)
  • Jonas Kindberg (Creator)
  • Miha Krofel (Creator)
  • Josip Kusak (Creator)
  • Clayton Lamb (Creator)
  • Tayler LaSharr (Creator)
  • Peter Leimgruber (Creator)
  • Horst Leitner (Creator)
  • Michael Lierz (Creator)
  • John Linnell (Creator)
  • Purevjav Lkhagvaja (Creator)
  • Ryan Long (Creator)
  • José Vicente López-Bao (Creator)
  • Matthias-Claudio Loretto (Creator)
  • Pascal Marchand (Creator)
  • Hans Martin (Creator)
  • Lindsey Martinez (Creator)
  • Roy McBride Jr (Creator)
  • Ashley McLaren (Creator)
  • Erling Meisingset (Creator)
  • Joerg Melzheimer (Creator)
  • Evelyn Merrill (Creator)
  • Arthur Middleton (Creator)
  • Kevin Monteith (Creator)
  • Seth Moore (Creator)
  • Bram Van Moorter (Creator)
  • Nicolas Morellet (Creator)
  • Thomas Morrison (Creator)
  • Rebekka Müller (Creator)
  • Atle Mysterud (Creator)
  • Michael Noonan (Creator)
  • David O’Connor (Creator)
  • Daniel Olson (Creator)
  • Kirk Olson (Creator)
  • Anne Ortega (Creator)
  • Federico Ossi (Creator)
  • Manuela Panzacchi (Creator)
  • Robert Pratchett (Creator)
  • Brent Patterson (Creator)
  • Rogerio Cunha de Paula (Creator)
  • John Payne (Creator)
  • Wibke Peters (Creator)
  • Tyler Petroelje (Creator)
  • Benjamin Pitcher (Creator)
  • Boštjan Pokorny (Creator)
  • Kim Poole (Creator)
  • Hubert Potočnik (Creator)
  • Marie-Pier Poulin (Creator)
  • Robert Pringle (Creator)
  • Herbert Prins (Creator)
  • Nathan Ranc (Creator)
  • Slaven Reljić (Creator)
  • Benjamin Robb (Creator)
  • Ralf Röder (Creator)
  • Christer Rolandsen (Creator)
  • Christian Rutz (Creator)
  • Albert Salemgareyev (Creator)
  • Gustaf Samelius (Creator)
  • Heather Sayine-Crawford (Creator)
  • Sarah Schooler (Creator)
  • Çağan Şekercioğlu (Creator)
  • Nuria Selva (Creator)
  • Paola Samenzato (Creator)
  • Agnieszka Sergiel (Creator)
  • Koustubh Sharma (Creator)
  • Avery Shawler (Creator)
  • Johannes Signer (Creator)
  • Václav Silovský (Creator)
  • João Paulo Silva (Creator)
  • Richard Simon (Creator)
  • Rachel Smiley (Creator)
  • Douglas Smith (Creator)
  • Erling Solberg (Creator)
  • Diego Ellis-Soto (Creator)
  • Orr Spiegel (Creator)
  • Jared Stabach (Creator)
  • Jenna Stacy-Dawes (Creator)
  • Daniel Stahler (Creator)
  • John Stephenson (Creator)
  • Cheyenne Stewart (Creator)
  • Olav Strand (Creator)
  • Peter Sunde (Creator)
  • Nathan Svoboda (Creator)
  • Jonathan Swart (Creator)
  • Jeffrey Thompson (Creator)
  • Katrina Toal (Creator)
  • Kenneth Uiseb (Creator)
  • Meredith VanAcker (Creator)
  • Marianela Velilla (Creator)
  • Tana Verzuh (Creator)
  • Bettina Wachter (Creator)
  • Jesse Whittington (Creator)
  • Martin Wikelski (Creator)
  • Christopher Wilmers (Creator)
  • George Wittemyer (Creator)
  • Julie Young (Creator)
  • Filip Zięba (Creator)
  • Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica (Creator)
  • Mark Huijbregts (Creator)
  • Thomas Mueller (Creator)

Dataset

Description

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable, with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns, 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12%, and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide.
Date made available2023
PublisherZenodo

Software

  • Software
  • Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

    Tucker, M. A., Schipper, A. M., Adams, T. S. F., Attias, N., Avgar, T., Babic, N. L., Barker, K. J., Bastille-Rousseau, G., Behr, D. M., Belant, J. L., Beyer, D. E., Blaum, N., Blount, J. D., Bockmühl, D., Pires Boulhosa, R. L., Brown, M. B., Buuveibaatar, B., Cagnacci, F., Calabrese, J. M. & Černe, R. & 154 others, Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Chan, A. N., Chase, M. J., Chaval, Y., Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y., Cherry, S. G., Ćirović, D., Çoban, E., Cole, E. K., Conlee, L., Courtemanch, A., Cozzi, G., Davidson, S. C., DeBloois, D., Dejid, N., DeNicola, V., Desbiez, A. L. J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Drake, D., Egan, M., Eikelboom, J. A. J., Fagan, W. F., Farmer, M. J., Fennessy, J., Finnegan, S. P., Fleming, C. H., Fournier, B., Fowler, N. L., Gantchoff, M. G., Garnier, A., Gehr, B., Geremia, C., Goheen, J. R., Hauptfleisch, M. L., Hebblewhite, M., Heim, M., Hertel, A. G., Heurich, M., Hewison, A. J. M., Hodson, J., Hoffman, N., Hopcraft, J. G. C., Huber, D., Isaac, E. J., Janik, K., Ježek, M., Johansson, Ö., Jordan, N. R., Kaczensky, P., Kamaru, D. N., Kauffman, M. J., Kautz, T. M., Kays, R., Kelly, A. P., Kindberg, J., Krofel, M., Kusak, J., Lamb, C. T., LaSharr, T. N., Leimgruber, P., Leitner, H., Lierz, M., Linnell, J. D. C., Lkhagvaja, P., Long, R. A., López-Bao, J. V., Loretto, M.-C., Marchand, P., Martin, H., Martinez, L. A., McBride, R. T., McLaren, A. A. D., Meisingset, E., Melzheimer, J., Merrill, E. H., Middleton, A. D., Monteith, K. L., Moore, S. A., Van Moorter, B., Morellet, N., Morrison, T., Müller, R., Mysterud, A., Noonan, M. J., O’Connor, D., Olson, D., Olson, K. A., Ortega, A. C., Ossi, F., Panzacchi, M., Patchett, R., Patterson, B. R., de Paula, R. C., Payne, J., Peters, W., Petroelje, T. R., Pitcher, B. J., Pokorny, B., Poole, K., Potočnik, H., Poulin, M.-P., Pringle, R. M., Prins, H. H. T., Ranc, N., Reljić, S., Robb, B., Röder, R., Rolandsen, C. M., Rutz, C., Salemgareyev, A. R., Samelius, G., Sayine-Crawford, H., Schooler, S., Şekercioğlu, Ç. H., Selva, N., Semenzato, P., Sergiel, A., Sharma, K., Shawler, A. L., Signer, J., Silovský, V., Silva, J. P., Simon, R., Smiley, R. A., Smith, D. W., Solberg, E. J., Ellis-Soto, D., Spiegel, O., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stahler, D. R., Stephenson, J., Stewart, C., Strand, O., Sunde, P., Svoboda, N. J., Swart, J., Thompson, J. J., Toal, K. L., Uiseb, K., VanAcker, M. C., Velilla, M., Verzuh, T. L., Wachter, B., Wagler, B. L., Whittington, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C. C., Wittemyer, G., Young, J. K., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Huijbregts, M. A. J. & Mueller, T., 9 Jun 2023, In: Science. 380, 6649, p. 1059-1064 6 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Open Access
    File
  • Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

    Tucker, M. (Creator), Schipper, A. (Creator), Adams, T. (Creator), Attias, N. (Creator), Avgar, T. (Creator), Babic, N. (Creator), Barker, K. (Creator), Bastille-Rousseau, G. (Creator), Behr, D. (Creator), Belant, J. (Creator), Beyer, D. (Creator), Blaum, N. (Creator), Blount, J. D. (Creator), Bockmühl, D. (Creator), Luiz Pires Boulhosa, R. (Creator), Brown, M. (Creator), Buuveibaatar, B. (Creator), Cagnacci, F. (Creator), Calabrese, J. (Creator), Černe, R. (Creator), Chamaillé-Jammes, S. (Creator), Nyein Chan, A. (Creator), Chase, M. (Creator), Chaval, Y. (Creator), Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y. (Creator), Cherry, S. (Creator), Ćirović, D. (Creator), Çoban, E. (Creator), Cole, E. (Creator), Conlee, L. (Creator), Courtemanch, A. (Creator), Cozzi, G. (Creator), Davidson, S. (Creator), DeBloois, D. (Creator), Dejid, N. (Creator), DeNicola, V. (Creator), Desbiez, A. (Creator), Douglas-Hamilton, I. (Creator), Drake, D. (Creator), Egan, M. (Creator), Eikelboom, J. (Creator), Fagen, W. (Creator), Farmer, M. (Creator), Fennessy, J. (Creator), Finnegan, S. (Creator), Fleming, C. (Creator), Fournier, B. (Creator), Fowler, N. (Creator), Gantchoff, M. (Creator), Garnier, A. (Creator), Gehr, B. (Creator), Geremia, C. (Creator), Goheen, J. (Creator), Hauptfleisch, M. (Creator), Hebblewhite, M. (Creator), Heim, M. (Creator), Hertel, A. (Creator), Heurich, M. (Creator), Hewison, A. J. M. (Creator), Hodson, J. (Creator), Hoffman, N. (Creator), Hopcraft, G. (Creator), Huber, D. (Creator), Isaac, E. (Creator), Janik, K. (Creator), Ježek, M. (Creator), Johansson, Ö. (Creator), Jordan, N. (Creator), Kaczensky, P. (Creator), Kamaru, D. (Creator), Kauffman, M. (Creator), Kautz, T. (Creator), Kays, R. (Creator), Kelly, A. (Creator), Kindberg, J. (Creator), Krofel, M. (Creator), Kusak, J. (Creator), Lamb, C. (Creator), LaSharr, T. (Creator), Leimgruber, P. (Creator), Leitner, H. (Creator), Lierz, M. (Creator), Linnell, J. (Creator), Lkhagvaja, P. (Creator), Long, R. (Creator), López-Bao, J. V. (Creator), Loretto, M.-C. (Creator), Marchand, P. (Creator), Martin, H. (Creator), Martinez, L. (Creator), McBride Jr, R. (Creator), McLaren, A. (Creator), Meisingset, E. (Creator), Melzheimer, J. (Creator), Merrill, E. (Creator), Middleton, A. (Creator), Monteith, K. (Creator), Moore, S. (Creator), Van Moorter, B. (Creator), Morellet, N. (Creator), Morrison, T. (Creator), Müller, R. (Creator), Mysterud, A. (Creator), Noonan, M. (Creator), O'Connor, D. (Creator), Olson, D. (Creator), Olson, K. (Creator), Ortega, A. (Creator), Ossi, F. (Creator), Panzacchi, M. (Creator), Pratchett, R. (Creator), Patterson, B. (Creator), Cunha De Paula, R. (Creator), Payne, J. (Creator), Peters, W. (Creator), Petroelje, T. (Creator), Pitcher, B. (Creator), Pokorny, B. (Creator), Poole, K. (Creator), Potočnik, H. (Creator), Poulin, M.-P. (Creator), Pringle, R. (Creator), Prins, H. (Creator), Ranc, N. (Creator), Reljić, S. (Creator), Robb, B. (Creator), Röder, R. (Creator), Rolandsen, C. (Creator), Rutz, C. (Creator), Salemgareyev, A. (Creator), Samelius, G. (Creator), Sayine-Crawford, H. (Creator), Schooler, S. (Creator), Şekercioğlu, Ç. (Creator), Selva, N. (Creator), Samenzato, P. (Creator), Sergiel, A. (Creator), Sharma, K. (Creator), Shawler, A. (Creator), Signer, J. (Creator), Silovský, V. (Creator), Silva, J. P. (Creator), Simon, R. (Creator), Smiley, R. (Creator), Smith, D. (Creator), Solberg, E. (Creator), Ellis-Soto, D. (Creator), Spiegel, O. (Creator), Stabach, J. (Creator), Stacy-Dawes, J. (Creator), Stahler, D. (Creator), Stephenson, J. (Creator), Stewart, C. (Creator), Strand, O. (Creator), Sunde, P. (Creator), Svoboda, N. (Creator), Swart, J. (Creator), Thompson, J. (Creator), Toal, K. (Creator), Uiseb, K. (Creator), VanAcker, M. (Creator), Velilla, M. (Creator), Verzuh, T. (Creator), Wachter, B. (Creator), Whittington, J. (Creator), Wikelski, M. (Creator), Wilmers, C. (Creator), Wittemyer, G. (Creator), Young, J. (Creator), Zięba, F. (Creator), Zwijacz-Kozica, T. (Creator), Huijbregts, M. (Creator) & Mueller, T. (Creator), Dryad, 2022

    Dataset

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